Cell membrane and transport Flashcards
What is the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm encompasses all contents inside the cell membrane, besides the nucleus.
What is cytosol?
Cytosol is the liquid portion of the cytoplasm; the intracellular fluid.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of cell membranes, including components like glycolipids, glycoproteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol.
What are the components of the fluid mosaic model?
The components include glycolipids, glycoproteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol.
What are integral proteins?
Integral proteins are proteins that are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
What are peripheral proteins?
Peripheral proteins are proteins that are attached to the exterior or interior surfaces of the cell membrane.
What characterizes a prokaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What is a plasmid?
A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA found in prokaryotic cells.
What are pili?
Pili are hair-like structures on the surface of prokaryotic cells that help in attachment.
What is flagella?
Flagella are long, whip-like structures that aid in the movement of prokaryotic cells.
What is the nucleolus?
The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus where ribosome production occurs.
What are ribosomes?
Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.
What is the nucleoid?
The nucleoid is the region in prokaryotic cells where the DNA is located.
What is a cell wall?
The cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection to some cells.
What is a capsule?
A capsule is a protective layer that surrounds some prokaryotic cells.
What is the function of mitochondria?
Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells.
What is the Golgi body?
The Golgi body is an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have these structures.
What is passive transport?
The movement of molecules without the expenditure of energy.
What is passive transport?
The movement of molecules without the expenditure of energy.
What are the three types of passive transport across membranes?
- Diffusion 2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Osmosis
What are the three types of passive transport across membranes?
- Diffusion 2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Osmosis
What factors affect diffusion?
Concentration, temperature, and particle size.
