Cell Membrane and Transport Flashcards
why is the cell membrane called a “fluid mosaic”?
it moves around and has many components
semipermeable meaning?
some things can go through freely while some things cannot
what does homeostasis mean?
everything is how it should be
glycoprotein
protein with carbohydrate attached
glycolipid
lipid with carbohydrate attached
phospholipid [ ]
bilayer
what are the three categories of proteins in the cell membrane
protein channel, peripheral membrane proteins, integral membrane proteins
what makes up the cell membrane
proteins, phospholipids, carbs, and cholesterol
what do carbs do
attach to some lipids and proteins to communicate a cell’s identity
what does cholesterol do
keep the cell membrane stable
what do proteins do?
transport things into cell, recognizes and or bind to other cells, receive signals from other cells
what does it mean to move down the concentration gradient?
when the molecule goes to where there is less of it
when there is less of the solute outside the cell the cell is in a…
hypotonic solution
when a cell is in a hypertonic solution where will the solute go
inside the cell
the cell will swell in what solution
hypotonic
can polar or nonpolar molecules easily pass through the membrane
nonpolar
what does water go through to get in or out of the cell and what is the process called
aquaporins. osmosis
osmosis is an example of what type of diffusion
facilitated
simple and facilitated diffusion are types of..
passive transport
what is active transport
when a protein pump moves a substance against a concentration gradient and it requires energy
what do neurons pump into cells with active transport
ions to establish a voltage
