cell membrane and feedback

Question 1

Positive feedback system

Answer 1

amplifies the initial stimuli by moving the system away from it’s starting state to achieve a goal

Question 2

Examples of positive feedback

Answer 2

Childbirth, blood clotting, ripening of fruit

Question 3

negative feedback system

Answer 3

Mechanism that counteracts a disruption in homeostasis to reestablish internal stability

Question 4

Examples of negative feedback

Answer 4

temperature control, calcium regulation, blood glucose (sugar) regulation

Question 5

Insulin

Answer 5

hormone that helps decrease blood glucose levels.

Question 6

Glucagon

Answer 6

Hormone that helps increase blood gluclose levels

Question 7

Pancreas

Answer 7

Organ that secretes insulin or glucagon from specialized cells into the bloodstream by exocytosis

Question 8

Liver

Answer 8

organ that stores gluclose as glycogen (polysaccharide)

Question 9

Glycogen

Answer 9

Polysaccharide that is made of many gluclose molecules bonded together by dehydration synthesis

Question 10

HYPOglycemia sugar level

Answer 10

LOW sugar

Question 11

Normal level sugar level

Answer 11

NORMAL sugar

Question 12

HYPERglycemia sugar level

Answer 12

HIGH sugar

Question 13

Diabetes

Answer 13

Metabolic disease that causes HIGH blood gluclose levels (hyperglycemia)

Question 14

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 14

Insulin is not produced by beta cells in pancreas and hence gluclose is not removed from the bloodstream

Question 15

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 15

Prolonged overproduction of insulin leads to desensitization of the insulin receptors and they get worn out leaving gluclose not removed from the blood stream

Question 16

Hydrolosis

Answer 16

Process used when liver breaks down glycogen stores and releases gluclose to the blood.

Question 17

Endocrine system

Answer 17

contains glands that secrete hormones (chemical messengers) into the bloodstream

Question 18

Feedback Mechanism

Answer 18

Maintains a living system’s internal conditions within certain limits and mediates behaviors, allowing it to remain alive and functional even as external conditions change within some range

Question 19

Functions of plasma membrane Part 1

Answer 19

1. regulates what enters/leaves the cell
2. Selectively permeable

Question 20

Functions of plasma membrane Part 2

Answer 20

1. Separates inside cytoplasm from outside enviroment
   2.recieves chemical messengers and passes info into the cell so it can respond

Question 21

Cholesterol

Answer 21

Located between the fatty acids to stabilize and strengthens the flexible cell membrane

Question 22

Anchor proteins

Answer 22

keep cells attached forming tissues

Question 23

Identifier proteins

Answer 23

Helps immune system distinguish self vs foreign

Question 24

Enzymatic Proteins

Answer 24

catalyzes metabolic reactions

Question 25

Receptor proteins

Answer 25

receive chemical messengers and pass the info into the cell so it can respond

Question 26

Target cell

Answer 26

have specifically shaped receptor proteins for only certain chemical messengers

Question 27

Channel Proteins

Answer 27

Provides a hydrophilic channel for charged substances can cross the membrane.

Question 28

Carrier proteins

Answer 28

changed shape while shutting specifically shaped substances across the membrane