Cell mediated immunity Flashcards
What are MHCs?
Major Histocompatability complexes are proteins on the cell surface that present antigens
Where is the gene for MHC located?
Short arm of chromosome 6
Where are MHC class 1 found?
Expressed on all nucleated cells
Which proteins make up the MHC class 1?
HLA- A, HLA -B, HLA-C
HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G
Which MHC is found on the placenta?
Predominately HLA-G
Also HLA-C, HLA-E, HLA-F
Which MHC class is suppressed in pregnancy?
MHC class II
Which proteins make up MHC class II?
HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP
Where are MHC class II proteins expressed?
On antigen presenting cells
What are the specialised antigen presenting cells?
Macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
Which cells are leucocytes derived from?
Myeloid progenitor cells
What is the role of CRP?
An acute phase serum protein that coats pathogens to promote opsonization
Where is CRP produced?
In the liver
How does sickle cell disease alter ESR levels?
They decrease
How does heart failure alter ESR levels?
They decrease
How does Polycythaemia alter ESR levels?
They decrease
What kind of molecule is a cytokine?
A glycoprotein
Which cytokines are produced by Th1 cells?
IFN-gamma and IL2
Which type of immunity do Th1 cells promote?
Cell mediated immunity via macrophages and CD8 cells
Which type of immunity do Th2 cells promote?
Humoral immunity via B lymphocytes
Which cytokines promote Th1 cell development?
IFN-gamma and IL2
Which cytokine promotes Th2 cell development?
IL-4
Which MHC do T-helper cells act on?
MHC-2
Which T-helper cells are promoted in pregnancy?
Th 2 - humoral immunity
Which T helper cells are down-regulated in pregnancy?
Th-1 cell mediated immunity
Which cytokine is suppressed by HLA-G in pregnancy?
IFN-gamma (a Th1 promoter)
Which pathogens do eosinophils attack?
parasites
Which MHC does NK cells bind to?
MHC-1
Which cytokines stimulate NK cells?
IL-1 and IFN-gamma
