Cell Junctions Flashcards

0
Q

Tight junctions

A

Hold cells and prevent movement or water and of water-soluble molecule between cells.

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1
Q

Cell junctions

A

Multiprotein complexes, provide cell-cell and cell-ECM contact.

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2
Q

Proteins forming tight junctions

A

Occludin

Clausin

Junctional adhesion molecules

Tricellulins

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3
Q

Adherens junctions

A

Provide strong mechanical attachment between adjacent cells.

Example: in cardiac muscle cells while contacting

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4
Q

Proteins forming adherens junctions

A

Cadherins (transmembrane)

Catenins (connected to actin filaments)

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5
Q

Desmosomes

A

Thickened patches in the cell membrane region between two cells.

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6
Q

Proteins forming desmosomes

A

Keratine

Desmoplakin

Desmin filaments (increase rigidity of tissues)

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7
Q

Spot desmosome

A

Two buttonlike adhesion plaques

Bind cells together

Anchors for fibers in cytoskeleton

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8
Q

Desmosomes and cytoskeleton

A

Desmosomes provide anchor points for the components of the cytoskeleton, such as the keratin intermediate filaments.

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9
Q

Hemidesmosomes

A

Bind the base of the cell to the underlying basement membrane by linking to the cell’s intermediate filament network.

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10
Q

Proteins forming hemidesmosomes

A

Integrins

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11
Q

Gap junctions

A

Specialized channels that allow direct cytoplasmic communication among cells thus the passage of small molecules.
Example: heart cells (responsible for coordination)

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12
Q

Proteins forming gap junctions

A

Connexins

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13
Q

How to gap junctions get formed?

A

Six of the connexin proteins come together, and then interact with another hexamer in the neighboring cell, resulting in the formation of a channel.

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14
Q

Gap junctions (function)

A

Help coordinate the activities of adjacent cells.

Allow direct cytoplasmic communication, letting small molecules pass through the channels whose opening or closing can be controlled locally in the cell.

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