(Cell) Glycolysis

Question 1

What are the two phases of glycolysis?

Answer 1

Energy investment phase

Energy payoff phase

Question 2

Step 1

Answer 2

An enzyme (hexokinase) catalyses the phosphorylation of glucose with ATP, forming glucose-6-phosphate and producing ADP

Question 3

Step 2

Answer 3

An isomerase (phosphoglucoisomerase) converts the glucose-6-phosphate into an isomer, fructose-6-phosphate

Question 4

Step 3

Answer 4

An enzyme (phosphofructokinase) catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, producing fructose-1,6-biphosphate and ADP

Question 5

Step 4

Answer 5

An enzyme (aldolase), cleaves fructose-1,6-biphosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, both are 3 carbon sugars

Question 6

Step 5

Answer 6

An isomerase (Triose phosphate isomerase) transforms dihydroxyacetone phosphate into glyceraldhyde-3-phosphate, thus the result of the first half of glycolysis is two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 7

The first _ steps are part of the energy investment phase

Answer 7

5

Question 8

Step 6

Answer 8

An enzyme (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) oxidizes the sugar, forming 1,3-biphosphoglycerate, extracting electrons carried away by NAD+ (producing NADH), phosphate group added in

Question 9

Step 7

Answer 9

An enzyme (phosphoglycerokinase) catalyses the substrate level phosphorylation of 1,3-biphosphoglycerate with ADP, forming 3-phosphoglycerate and ATP

Question 10

Step 8

Answer 10

An enzyme (phosphoglyceromutase) catalyses the reaction, forming 2-phosphoglycerate

Question 11

Step 9

Answer 11

An enzyme (enolase) catalyses the reaction of taking out water to form phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 12

Step 10

Answer 12

An enzyme (pyruvate kinase) catalyses the substrate level phosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate and producing ATP