Cell Division

Question 1

What is a form of reproduction in which offspring arise from one parent cell?

Answer 1

Asexual Reproduction

Question 2

What is the combination of genetic material from two individuals to create a third individual?

Answer 2

Sexual Reproduction

Question 3

What is Meiosis?

Answer 3

Division of genetic materials that halves the chromosome number and yelds genetically variable nuclei.

Question 4

What is a Gamete?

Answer 4

A sex cell, sperm or egg cell.

Question 5

What is fertilization?

Answer 5

The union of two gametes.

Question 6

What is Mitosis?

Answer 6

Division of genetic material that yields two genetically identical nuclei.

Question 7

Apoptosis

Answer 7

Programmed cell death that is a normal part of development.

Question 8

What is Binary Fission?

Answer 8

Replication and division of a prokaryotic cell’s DNA into two daughter cells.

Question 9

DNA Polymerase

Answer 9

Enzyme that adds new DNA nucleotides and corrects mismatched base pairs in DNA replication.

Question 10

RNA Primer

Answer 10

Short strand of RNA that attracts DNA polymerase to initiate DNA replication.

Question 11

Ligase

Answer 11

Enzymes that catalyze formation of covalent bonds in the DNA sugar- phosphate backbone.

Question 12

Chromatin

Answer 12

Collective term for all of the DNA and it’s associated proteins in the nucleus..

Question 13

Nucleosomes

Answer 13

The basic unit of chromatin consist of DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins.

Question 14

Chromatids

Answer 14

One of two identical DNA molecules that make up a replicated chromosome.

Question 15

Centromere

Answer 15

Small section of a chromosome where sister chromatids attach to each other.

Question 16

G1 Phase

Answer 16

Normal cell function and growth.

Question 17

G2 Phase

Answer 17

Additional growth and preparation for division.

Question 18

S Phase

Answer 18

DNA Replication

Question 19

Prophase

Answer 19

Chromosomes condense and become visible. Spindle forms as centrosomes move to opposite poles.

Question 20

Prometaphase

Answer 20

Nuclear envelope breaks up spindle fibers attach to kinetochores on chromosomes.

Question 21

Metaphase

Answer 21

Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell.

Question 22

Anaphase

Answer 22

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the pole.

Question 23

Telophase

Answer 23

Nucleus forms at each pole. Chromosomes decondense spindle disappears.

Question 24

Spindle

Answer 24

The network of protein fibers that coordinate and separate chromosomes during cell division.

Question 25

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 25

Are two members of a chromosome pair in diploid cells.