Cell Division Flashcards

1
Q

Topoisomerase

A

unwinds the DNA

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2
Q

DNA Helicase

A

breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs

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3
Q

DNA Primase

A

lays down a short sequence of RNA

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4
Q

DNA Polymerase III

A

synthesizes the new strand of DNA

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5
Q

DNA Polymerase II

A

removes the RNA and replaces it with DNA

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6
Q

DNA Ligase

A

fixes breaks in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone

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7
Q

In which direction can DNA polymerase build a new strand

A

5’ to 3’ only

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8
Q

Why is it called “Semi-Conservative”

A

Each DNA has two strands
Each having an old original strand and a new strand.

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9
Q

What happens if the cell fails the M-phase checkpoint? G1 checkpoint? G2 checkpoint?

A
  • Go into a resting state (G0)
  • Self-destruct
  • or cause an uncontrollable growth leading to cancer or tumors
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10
Q

Okazaki Fragments

A

They are the lagging strands that were made by the DNA polymerase trying to catch up with the other strand.

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