Cell Division Flashcards
Topoisomerase
unwinds the DNA
DNA Helicase
breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs
DNA Primase
lays down a short sequence of RNA
DNA Polymerase III
synthesizes the new strand of DNA
DNA Polymerase II
removes the RNA and replaces it with DNA
DNA Ligase
fixes breaks in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone
In which direction can DNA polymerase build a new strand
5’ to 3’ only
Why is it called “Semi-Conservative”
Each DNA has two strands
Each having an old original strand and a new strand.
What happens if the cell fails the M-phase checkpoint? G1 checkpoint? G2 checkpoint?
- Go into a resting state (G0)
- Self-destruct
- or cause an uncontrollable growth leading to cancer or tumors
Okazaki Fragments
They are the lagging strands that were made by the DNA polymerase trying to catch up with the other strand.