Cell division Flashcards
1
Q
mitosis
A
produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells
2
Q
interphase
A
- increase in size
- new organelles made
- protein synthesis
- dna replication
3
Q
genetic stability
A
cells have same number of chromosomes as parent cell, daughter cells are exact replica of parent
4
Q
prophase (mitosis)
A
- chromosomes condense+ visible
- spindle forms
- breakdown of nuclear envelope
5
Q
metaphase (mitosis)
A
- chromosomes line up on equator
- attached to spindle by centromeres
6
Q
anaphase (mitosis)
A
- chromosomes separate
- chromatids pulled to opposite poles of cell by centromere
7
Q
telophase (mitosis)
A
- uncoil elongate called chromosomes
- spindle fibre breaks down
- nuclear envelope forms
8
Q
genetic variation
A
for species to survive in constantly changing environment
9
Q
prophase (meiosis)
A
- condense and become visible
- maternal+paternal chromosomes come together
- wrap around each other at chiasmata
- swap sections of DNA (crossing over)
- spindle forms
10
Q
metaphase (meiosis)
A
- bivalents line up on either side of equator
- independent assortment
11
Q
independent assortment
A
chromosomes line up in 2 possible way, random, gives different combinations
12
Q
anaphase (meiosis)
A
- homologous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles
- spindle fibres shorten
- centromeres do not divide
13
Q
telophase (meiosis)
A
-nuclear envelope reforms
14
Q
prophase (meiosis II)
A
- nuclear envelope breaks down
- chromosomes condense
- spindle forms
15
Q
metaphase (meisois II)
A
- chromosomes line up on equator
- independent assortment
