Cell Cycle (Mitosis and Meiosis)

Question 1

What are the 2 stages of cell division?

Answer 1

1) Nuclear division (interphase to telophase)

2) Cell division (cytokinesis)

Question 2

What are the 4 requirements for semi-conservative replication?

Answer 2

1) Unwound DNA
2) Free nucleotides
3) DNA polymerase
4) Source of energy (ATP)

Question 3

What are the steps in semi-conservative replication?

Answer 3

1) DNA helicase breaks H bonds
2) Doubles helix separates are exposes two template strands
3) Free nucleotides line up by complementary base paring
4) Energy is used to activate the nucleotides
5) DNA Polymerase forms the polynucleotide strand

Question 4

What is the definition of mitosis?

Answer 4

Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells that are genetically the same (has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell)

Question 5

What is the definition of meiosis?

Answer 5

Meiosis produces 4 gametes each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 6

What are the 5 stages of nuclear division?

Answer 6

1) Interphase
2) Prophase
3) Metaphase
4) Anaphase
5) Telophase

Question 7

What happens at each stage of nuclear division?

Answer 7

1) Interphase- DNA replicates
2) Prophase- chromosomes become visible and nuclear envelope disappears
3) Metaphase- chromosomes arrange themselves along the centre of the cell
4) Anaphase- Each chromatid of the chromosome migrate to an opposite side
5) Telophase- Nuclear envelope reforms

Question 8

Why is mitosis important?

Answer 8

Growth and repair

Question 9

What do G1, S and G2 represent in interphase?

Answer 9

G1- Cell organelles are synthesised and produced(preparation)
S- DNA Replication
G2- More cell growth, ready for mitosis

Question 10

What is the definition of cancer?

Answer 10

The uncontrolled growth of cells resulting in a tumour

Question 11

What happens in meiosis?

Answer 11

Mitosis occurs twice.