Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anaphy > cell cycle and cell division > Flashcards

cell cycle and cell division Flashcards

1
Q

how chromosome is formed?

A

in the nucleus of each cell the DNA molecule is packaged into thread like structure called chromosomes. each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many time around called histones that support its structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

internal sructure of histone

A

H2A, H2B, H3, H4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

highly alkaline found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structrtural units called_________?

A

nucleosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

parts of chromosome

A

telomere
shortarm
centromere
longer arm
sister chromatid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

protective caps at the end of DNA molecules that make up our chromosomes

A

telomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the region of a chromoses to whichh the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore during cell division

A

centromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

different types of chromosome based on centromere position

A

metacentric- centromere in the middle of chromosome
submetacentric
acrocentric - chromomere near the end of the chromosomes
telocentric - chromomere at the end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the chromosal abnormalities

A

cru-du-chat syndrome
down syndrome
47, XXY (klinefelter syndrome)
turner syndrome
williams syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

is a group of symptoms that result from missing a piece of chromosome

A

cri-du-chat syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

autosomal deletion syndrome caused by a partial deletion of chromose 5 and is characteized by a distinctive, high pitched, catlike cry infancy with growth failure

A

cri-du-chat syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chromosal condition that is asscociated with intellectual disability, facial appearance and weak muscle tone in infancy

A

down syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

genetic condition in which a huma male has an extra male (Y) chromosome

A

klinefelter syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

occurs when one of the two X chromosome s normally found in women is missing or incomplete

A

turner syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

caused by deletion of additional genetic material near the elastin gene on chromosome 7

A

william syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the alterations of chromoses structures

A

deletion
duplication
inversion
translocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

occurs when a chromosome fragment lacking a centromere is lost during cell division

A

deletion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

occurs when a fragment becomes attached as an exra segment to a sister chromatid

A

duplication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

occurs when a chromosal fragment reattaches to the original chromosome but in the reverse orientation

A

inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a chromosal fragment joinsa nonhomologous chromosome

A

translocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is an orderly set of stages that take place betweemn the time a cell divides and the time the resulting daughter cells also divide

A

cell cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

give the cell cycle stages

A

interphase
-G1 phase
-S phase
-G2 phase
m-phase
- mitosis
-prophase
-metaphase
-anaphase
-telophase
-cytokinesis

22
Q

is a process in which a cell may double its entire content in preparation for cell division

A

interphase

23
Q

the cells contents are distributed into daughter cells

A

M-phase

24
Q

a period when the cell increases in size in preparation for cell division

A

Gap 1 phase (G-phase) (growth)

25
Q

period during which DNA is synthesized and chromosomess are replicated

A

synthesis phase

26
Q

period when the cell continues to synthesize RNA and proteins and increase in size

A

G2 phase

27
Q

the process of cell division which results in the production of two daughter cells from a single parent cell

A

mitosis

28
Q

first phase of mitosis

A

prophase

29
Q

the process that seperates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells

A

prophase

30
Q

regions of DNA where the sister chromatids are most tightly connected

A

centromeres

31
Q

a patch of protein found on the centromere of each sisters chromatid

A

kinetochore

32
Q

chromosomes align along equator of the cell, with one kinetochore facing each pole

A

metaphase

33
Q

sister chromatids seperate

A

anaphase

34
Q

spindle fibers disintegrate

A

telophase

35
Q

cytokinesis occurs, enclocing each daughter nucleus into a seperate cell

A

telophase

36
Q

division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells, overlaps with the final stages of mitosis

A

cytokinesis

37
Q

involves combining the genetic information of one parent with that of the other parent to produce a genetically distinct individual

A

meiosis

38
Q

a division of the nucleus that reduces chromosome number by half

A

meiosis

39
Q

the process of sperm cell development

A

spermatogenesis

40
Q

the first stage of prophase 1 is _____________

A

leptotene stage

41
Q

during this stage, individual chromosomes begin to condense into long strands within the nucleus

A

leptotene

42
Q

occurs as the chromosomes approximately line up with each other into homologous chromosomes

A

zygotene

43
Q

Prophase 1 stages

A

leptotene
zygotene
pachynema
diplotene
diakinesis

44
Q

the homologous chromosomes separate from one another a little

A

diplotene

45
Q

in this stage the homologous chromosomes separate further and the chiasmata terminalize

A

diakinesis

46
Q

tetrads or homologous chromosomes move to the center of the cell

A

metaphase1

47
Q

homogolous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles

A

anaphase 1

48
Q

chromosomes cluster at opposite poles of cell and begin to decondense

A

telophase 1

49
Q

in this phase the nuclear envelope breaks down and the spindle apparatus forms

A

prophaseII

50
Q

chromosomes move to cell equator

A

metaphase II

51
Q

produces four non-identical haploid cells

A

telophase II

Anaphy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions