Cell Cycle Flashcards
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Mitosis
Results in two new genetically identical cells from one cell. Diploid. 1 hours 5% of the time. Important for growth and development, maintenance and repair of cells.
Interphase
DNA is replicated. Cell growth and function. 24 hours 90% of the time.
Prophase
Chromosomes condense. Nuclear membrane breaks down. Spindle fibres appear.
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle.
Anaphase
Sister chromatids are pulled apart.
Telephase
Two new nuclei form.
Cytokinesis
Two new cells that are genetically identical. Cytoplasm splits. 1 hours 5% of the time.
Meiosis
4 daughter cells that are genetically different and are haploid. Process in which the gonads make the haploid gametes.
Type of cell that undergoes mitosis, its location in the body, number of daughter cells produced, change in number of chromosomes, number of nuclear divisions and the different between the parent and daughter cells.
Somatic cells, in all body cells, 2 daughter cells, stays the same- 46, 1 nuclear division, diploid (genetically identical)
Type of cell that undergoes meiosis, its location in the body, number of daughter cells produced, change in number of chromosomes, number of nuclear divisions and the different between the parent and daughter cells.
Gametes, in gonads, 4 daughter cells, 23/half, 2 nuclear divisions and they are haploid (genetically different)
Haploid
- Cells with one set of chromosomes
- Gametes
- Result from meiosis
Diploid
- Cells with two sets of chromosomes
- Somatic cells
- Result from mitosis
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death. It signals for damaged DNA to be destroyed so it can’t continue to divide (cancer). It is also important in embryo development.
What are the three stages of cell cycle?
Cell cycle has 3 stages:
1. Interphase: DNA replication
2. Mitosis: Nucleus division
3. Cytokinesis: Cell division
