Cell cycle Flashcards
Cell cycle phases are regulated by
Cyclin
Cyclin dependent kinases
tumor suppressors
What is the shortest phase of the cell cycle ?
M Cycle
Phases of mitosis
5 phases
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Which phase of cell cycle is of variable duration
G1 phase
Cyclin dependent kinases are expressed _____ (constitutively/non constitutively)
Constitutively
What kind of protein is cyclin?
phase specific regulatory proteins
What complex should be activated/inactivated for cell cycle to progress
Cyclin-CDK complexes
Which phase does p53 inhibit
G1-S progression inhibition
Li Fraumeni syndrome
mutation in tumor suppressor gene
results in unrestrained division
What factors transition the cell from G1 to S phase
Growth factors like insulin ,PDGF, EPO, EGF
by binding to tyrosine kinase receptor
Name the 3 cell types on basis of transition from G0 to G1
Permanent , Stable, Labile
Permanent cell type examples
Remains in G0 phase and regen from stem cell
Neurons
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
RBC
Stable cell types examples
enter G1 from G0 when stimulated
Hepatocytes
Lymphocytes
PCT
Periosteal cells
Labile cell types examples
never G0 rapid G1
Bone marrow
Gut Epithelium
Skin
Hair
Follicles
Germ Cells
Which cell type (basis: division) is most affected by chemotherapy
Labile cell type
Role of Nissl bodies
synthesize peptide neurotransmitters for secretion
What proteins do free ribosome synthesize
Cytosolic
peroxisomal
mitochondrial
Where in cell does N linked glycosylation occur
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Steroid synthesis
Detoxification of drugs and poisons
Where does the last step of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis occur?
Glucose 6 phosphate to glucose
Which cells in the body are rich in SER
Hepatocytes
Cells of Adrenal Cortex
Gonads
The eukaryotic cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA during _______ of the cell cycle.
Interphase
At the end of the ___phase of the cell cycle, centrioles begin to replicate.
G1
During the (2)_____ of interphase, the cell grows and copies its organelles.
G1 and G2 phases
Contractile cytokinesis occurs in animal cells due to the action of the _______ contracting inward and pinching the cell in two.
contractile ring
The _______promoting factor is a protein complex that is required to allow the cell to move from the G2 phase to the M phase.
M-phase
