Cell Cycle

Question 1

What are the four stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

G1, S-phase, G2, M-phase

Question 2

The _______, off of the G1 phase, which is the resting phase.

Answer 2

G0

Question 3

Once we move past the __________, we are committed to the cell cycle

Answer 3

Restriction Point

Question 4

What occurs during S-phase?

Answer 4

Chromosome synthesis/ replication occurs

Question 5

What occurs during M-phase?

Answer 5

Chromosome segregation occurs

Question 6

_________ is the regulating protein of the cell cycle.

Answer 6

Cyclin dependent kinase

Question 7

_________ is the inhibitor of the cell cycle, maintaing the cell cycle in between G1 and S-phase until everything is ready. It is lost in cancer cells

Answer 7

Retinoblastoma

Question 8

Mitogens are growth factors that cause the production of cycline D1-3 that activated CDK 4/6 to inhibit ____________, resulting in entry into the cell cycle and _________ ensues

Answer 8

Rb; S phase

Question 9

In embryos, there are many more __________, and shorter _________

Answer 9

Replication bubbles, S-phases

Question 10

What is an ORC

Answer 10

Origin replication complex; a hexamer ring that remains on DNA; origin marker

Question 11

Checkpoints prevent _________ in which there too few or too many chromosomes.

Answer 11

Aneuploidy

Question 12

Patients with Li Fraumeni syndrome have a high risk for cancer and have mutated ______ and ______ genes

Answer 12

p53 and Chk2

Question 13

What are ATM and ATR

Answer 13

Two protein kinases that are integral components of the DNA damage checkpoint

Question 14

In meiosis, there are two divisions after DNA replication. In Meiosis I, homologues separate, which is a __________ division. In Meiosis II, ___________ separate, a equational division.

Answer 14

Reductional; Replicated sister chromosomes