CELL CYCLE Flashcards
What is the purpose of Cell Cycle?
DNA Replication
Cell Growth
Cell Division
Major parts of cell cycle?
- Interphase
2. M or mitotic phase
is the time which the cell is preparing for division by undergoing both cell growth and DNA replication.
Interphase
represents the phase when the actual cell division or mitosis happened
M phase
the cell is metabolically active and continuously grows but does not replicate its DNA.
G1 (Gap 1) Phase
Define S (Synthesis) Phase
DNA synthesize or replication takes place. During this time, the amount of DNA doubles.
proteins are synthesized in preparation for mitosis while cell growth continues
G2 (Gap 2) Phase
division of the cell’s nucleus
Karyokinesis
division of the cell’s cytoplasm
Cytokinesis
What are the different CELL CYCLE CONTROL SYSTEM
G1 checkpoint
- G2 checkpoint
- M checkpoint
ensures that the cell is large enough to divide and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells.
G1 Checkpoint
Ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been successfully completed.
G2 Checkpoint
Ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore.
Metaphase Checkpoint
separate mitosis from S phase. This is the time when molecular signals mediate the switch in cellular activity.
gap phases
Ensure that DNA replication and mitosis occur only when conditions are favorable and the process is working correctly
Cell cycle checkpoints