Cell Cycle Flashcards
1
Q
What is the cell cycle?
A
A highly ordered sequence of events that take place in a cell, resulting in the division of the cell and the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells
2
Q
What happens during interphase? (5)
A
- DNA is replicated and checked for errors
- Protein synthesis
- Mitochondria grow and divide
- Chloroplasts grow and divide
- Normal metabolic processes
3
Q
What happens during the G1 phase? (2)
A
- Organelles synthesised and replicate
- Cell increases in size
4
Q
What happens during the S phase? (2)
A
- Synthesis phase
- DNA is replicated in the nucleus
5
Q
What happens during the G2 phase? (3)
A
- Cells continue to grow in size
- Energy stores are increased
- Duplicated DNA is checked for errors
6
Q
What is the G0 phase? (3)
A
- Cell leaves the cycle temporarily or permanently
- For differentiation
- May be because the cell is damaged
7
Q
What are checkpoints?
A
The control mechanisms of the cell cycle
8
Q
What happens at the G1 checkpoint? (5)
A
At the end of the G1 phase. Check for: - Cell size - Nutrients - Growth factors - DNA damage
If everything is clear, it moves onto the next stage
9
Q
What happens at the G2 checkpoint?
A
At the end of G2 phase. Check for: - Cell size - DNA replication - DNA damage
If everything is clear it moves onto the next stage
10
Q
What happens at the spindle assembly checkpoint?
A
Check for:
- Chromosome attachment to spindle
