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Anatomy 1. Semester > Cell biology part 1 > Flashcards

Cell biology part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Chromosomes as connected by

A

Cohesin and centromere proteins

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2
Q

Chromosomes have two arms..

A

shorter p, longer q

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3
Q

Karyogramm

A

Every chromosome arranged by size

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4
Q

Contraction ring made of .. , helped by

A

actin filaments, myosin II

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5
Q

Outgrowth of new MT from

A

y tubulin ring complex

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6
Q

Inhibits formation of MT (protein)

A

Stathmin

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7
Q

Fragments MT (protein)

A

Katanin

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8
Q

Binds MT to IF (protein)

A

Plectin

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9
Q

Binds MT to other structures

A

TIP

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10
Q

MTOC, with …

A

Microtubule organization center, centrioles

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11
Q

Funtion of MT

A

Cilia, mitotic spindle, shape of cell, cargo

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12
Q

Motorproteins associated with MT

A

Dynein and kinesin

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13
Q

Formation of MT in cilia + other structures

A

9x2 + 2, nexin, central sheth, dynein

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14
Q

Actin filaments or microfilaments made of

A

Polymers of actin filaments

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15
Q

Proteins associated with AF

A

alfa actinin, fimbrin

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16
Q

Inhibits AF polymerisation (protein)

A

Thymosin

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17
Q

Fractures AF (protein)

A

Gelsolin

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18
Q

Stabiliazes AF (protein)

A

Tropomyosin

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19
Q

End of AF (protein)

A

CapZ

20
Q

Function of AF

A

Cell cortex, microvilla, movement of cells, contraction ring, muscle with myosin

21
Q

Intermediate filaments are…

A

fibrous proteins, 8 tetramers twisted together

22
Q

Connecting IF to other structures (protein)

A

Plectin

23
Q

Making IF more stable (protein)

A

Filaggrin

24
Q

Family of IF (name some)

A

Different endings:

1) Cytokeratins in epithelia
2) Vimentin (supporting tissue)
3) Neurofilaments (nerve cells)
4) Lamins (nuclear envelope)

25
Q

Mechanical connections (names)

A

macula (Desmosoma), hemidesmosoma, zona adherense

26
Q

Diffusion barriers (name)

A

Zona occudes (tight junction)

27
Q

Communication junction (name)

A

nexus (gap junction)

28
Q

Zona adherence made of..

A

Cadherins, adaptor proteins, AF

29
Q

Desmosoma made of

A

desmoglein, adaptor pr, IF

30
Q

Hemidesmosomes function

A

Epithelial cells to lamina basalis

31
Q

Zona occludens (proteins)

A

ZO1, ZO2, occludin, claudin

32
Q

Transmembrane receptors’ tree domanis

A

Cytoskeleton, transmembrane domain and extracellular domain

33
Q

Extracellular domains have tree categories

A

Homophilic, heterophilic, “linkers”

34
Q

Ca+ dependent

A

Cadherins, intergrins, selectin

35
Q

Ca+ independent

A

Immunoglobin superfamily

36
Q

Cadherin types

A

E (epithelium) P (placenta) N (neural) M (muscular) R (retinal) VE (vasculat endothelium) K (kindey)

37
Q

Selectin types

A

L (leucocytes) P (platelets) E (endothelium)

38
Q

Integrins work on

A

ECM

39
Q

If integrin transfer signals it’s by (protein)

A

Talin (activ and inactiv)

40
Q

Glycocalyx on epithelium, function

A

MHC (major histocompability complex)

  • Aid attachment to extracellular matrix
  • Binding antigens and enzymes to cell surface
  • Cell-cell recognition and interaction
  • Protection against bacteria
41
Q

Structures on epithelial cells from top to bottom

A

zona occlucens, zona adherence, desmosomes, gap junction, hemidesmosomes

42
Q

Function of lamina basalis, type of collagen

A

inhibit free diffusion, polarity, type 4

43
Q

Layers of basement membrane

A

lamina rara interna, lamina densa, lamina rara externa, lamina reticularis

44
Q

Microvilla made of

A

Microfilaments / AF

45
Q

Stereocilia made of

A

Actin filaments / MF

46
Q

Cilia made of

A

Microtubules

Anatomy 1. Semester (9 decks)

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