Cell biology part 1

Question 1

Chromosomes as connected by

Answer 1

Cohesin and centromere proteins

Question 2

Chromosomes have two arms..

Answer 2

shorter p, longer q

Question 3

Karyogramm

Answer 3

Every chromosome arranged by size

Question 4

Contraction ring made of .. , helped by

Answer 4

actin filaments, myosin II

Question 5

Outgrowth of new MT from

Answer 5

y tubulin ring complex

Question 6

Inhibits formation of MT (protein)

Answer 6

Stathmin

Question 7

Fragments MT (protein)

Answer 7

Katanin

Question 8

Binds MT to IF (protein)

Answer 8

Plectin

Question 9

Binds MT to other structures

Answer 9

TIP

Question 10

MTOC, with …

Answer 10

Microtubule organization center, centrioles

Question 11

Funtion of MT

Answer 11

Cilia, mitotic spindle, shape of cell, cargo

Question 12

Motorproteins associated with MT

Answer 12

Dynein and kinesin

Question 13

Formation of MT in cilia + other structures

Answer 13

9x2 + 2, nexin, central sheth, dynein

Question 14

Actin filaments or microfilaments made of

Answer 14

Polymers of actin filaments

Question 15

Proteins associated with AF

Answer 15

alfa actinin, fimbrin

Question 16

Inhibits AF polymerisation (protein)

Answer 16

Thymosin

Question 17

Fractures AF (protein)

Answer 17

Gelsolin

Question 18

Stabiliazes AF (protein)

Answer 18

Tropomyosin

Question 19

End of AF (protein)

Answer 19

CapZ

Question 20

Function of AF

Answer 20

Cell cortex, microvilla, movement of cells, contraction ring, muscle with myosin

Question 21

Intermediate filaments are…

Answer 21

fibrous proteins, 8 tetramers twisted together

Question 22

Connecting IF to other structures (protein)

Answer 22

Plectin

Question 23

Making IF more stable (protein)

Answer 23

Filaggrin

Question 24

Family of IF (name some)

Answer 24

Different endings:

1) Cytokeratins in epithelia
2) Vimentin (supporting tissue)
3) Neurofilaments (nerve cells)
4) Lamins (nuclear envelope)

Question 25

Mechanical connections (names)

Answer 25

macula (Desmosoma), hemidesmosoma, zona adherense

Question 26

Diffusion barriers (name)

Answer 26

Zona occudes (tight junction)

Question 27

Communication junction (name)

Answer 27

nexus (gap junction)

Question 28

Zona adherence made of..

Answer 28

Cadherins, adaptor proteins, AF

Question 29

Desmosoma made of

Answer 29

desmoglein, adaptor pr, IF

Question 30

Hemidesmosomes function

Answer 30

Epithelial cells to lamina basalis

Question 31

Zona occludens (proteins)

Answer 31

ZO1, ZO2, occludin, claudin

Question 32

Transmembrane receptors' tree domanis

Answer 32

Cytoskeleton, transmembrane domain and extracellular domain

Question 33

Extracellular domains have tree categories

Answer 33

Homophilic, heterophilic, "linkers"

Question 34

Ca+ dependent

Answer 34

Cadherins, intergrins, selectin

Question 35

Ca+ independent

Answer 35

Immunoglobin superfamily

Question 36

Cadherin types

Answer 36

E (epithelium) P (placenta) N (neural) M (muscular) R (retinal) VE (vasculat endothelium) K (kindey)

Question 37

Selectin types

Answer 37

L (leucocytes) P (platelets) E (endothelium)

Question 38

Integrins work on

Answer 38

ECM

Question 39

If integrin transfer signals it's by (protein)

Answer 39

Talin (activ and inactiv)

Question 40

Glycocalyx on epithelium, function

Answer 40

MHC (major histocompability complex) - Aid attachment to extracellular matrix - Binding antigens and enzymes to cell surface - Cell-cell recognition and interaction - Protection against bacteria

Question 41

Structures on epithelial cells from top to bottom

Answer 41

zona occlucens, zona adherence, desmosomes, gap junction, hemidesmosomes

Question 42

Function of lamina basalis, type of collagen

Answer 42

inhibit free diffusion, polarity, type 4

Question 43

Layers of basement membrane

Answer 43

lamina rara interna, lamina densa, lamina rara externa, lamina reticularis

Question 44

Microvilla made of

Answer 44

Microfilaments / AF

Question 45

Stereocilia made of

Answer 45

Actin filaments / MF

Question 46

Cilia made of

Answer 46

Microtubules