cell biology and microscopes

Question 1

how does a light microscope work?

Answer 1

uses light to illuminate objects under view, convex lens manipulates how light enters the eye

Question 2

how does an electron microscope work?

Answer 2

lens replaced by electromagnets that ‘bend’ the electron beam. forms an image as a photo - elctron micrograph

Question 3

radiation source of electron microscope

Answer 3

Electrons

Question 4

radiation source of light microscope

Answer 4

visible light

Question 5

max magnification of electron microscope

Answer 5

approx ×1 000 000

Question 6

max magnification of light microscope

Answer 6

approx ×2 000

Question 7

resolution of electron microscope

Answer 7

approx 0.1nm

Question 8

resolution of light microscope

Answer 8

approx 200nm

Question 9

images seen through electron microscope- colour

Answer 9

black and white

Question 10

images seen through light microscope- colour and why

Answer 10

coloured - colour is a property of light

Question 11

types of electron microscope

Answer 11

TEM and SEM

Question 12

TEM microscope meaning

Answer 12

transmission electron microscope

Question 13

how are images seen through a tem and why?

Answer 13

2D - electron beams pass through thin slices of specimen, analyses inner structures

Question 14

how are images seen through a sem and why?

Answer 14

3D - Specimen coated in gold so electrons bounce off and give outside view

Question 15

what are prokayotes?

Answer 15

single celled organisms, don’t have nuclei or organelles, are much smaller than eukaryotic, and always have cell walls

Question 16

egs of prokaryotes

Answer 16

bacteria and archaea

Question 17

what are eukaryotes?

Answer 17

mostly multi celled organisms like animals and plants, have a nucleus to contain and organelles

Question 18

what happens in anaphase?

Answer 18

away- move to poles of cell

Question 19

formula linking actual size,magnification and image size

Answer 19

i = a × m

Question 20

function of cell membrane

Answer 20

controls the movement of substances in and out

Question 21

cell membrane is found in ….

Answer 21

animal and plant cells

Question 22

cell sap function

Answer 22

store of minerals and water found in vacuole

Question 23

cell sap is found in ….

Answer 23

plant cells

Question 24

cellulose cell wall function

Answer 24

supports the cell and keeps its shape

Question 25

cell wall is found in ….

Answer 25

Plant cells

Question 26

Chloroplast function

Answer 26

respiration occurs here, releasing energy

Question 27

chloroplast is found in ….

Answer 27

Plant cells

Question 28

function of mitochondria

Answer 28

respiration occurs here, releasing energy

Question 29

mitochondria are found in…

Answer 29

Plant and animal cells

Question 30

cytoplasm function

Answer 30

where chemical reactions of the cell take place

Question 31

cytoplasm function

Answer 31

-where chemical reactions of the cell take place

Question 32

nucleus function

Answer 32

contains dna and controls the activity of the cell

Question 33

nuclei are found in…

Answer 33

animal and plant cells

Question 34

ribosomes function

Answer 34

proteins are made/synthesised here

Question 35

ribosomes are found in….

Answer 35

animal and plant cells

Question 36

vacuole function

Answer 36

full of cell sap, maintains shape of cell

Question 37

permanent vacuoles are found in …

Answer 37

Plant cells

Question 38

features of prokaryotic cell

Answer 38

-no membrane bound nucleus
-dna is in a nucleoid floating in cytoplasm
-ribosomes
-cell wall
-much smaller than eukaryote

Question 39

main organelles in a plant cell (8)

Answer 39

1. vacuole
2. cell wall
3. cell membrane
4. nucleus
5. ribosomes
6. chloroplasts
7. mitochondria
8. cytoplasm

Question 40

main organelles in an animal cell (5)

Answer 40

1. cell mebrane
2. cytoplasm
3. mitochondria
4. nucleus
5. ribosomes