Cell Biology

Question 1

What determines the Cells function

Answer 1

the design, shape, and orgenelles determine the function of the cell

Question 2

Which of the following is most likely to pass through a transport protein when entering a cell?

Answer 2

Glucose

Question 3

Which of the following is a major role of the glycocalyx of the cell membrane?

Answer 3

Cell identification

Question 4

Which component of the cell membrane is hydrophobic?

Answer 4

Fatty acid tails of the phospholipid molecules

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Eukaryotic cells have a membrane enclosed nucleus.

Question 6

Which of the following molecules will not be able to easily pass directly through the phospholipid portion of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

Polar molecules

Question 7

Despite the great variation among cells, they all have three things in common. Which of the following is not a feature common to all cells?

Answer 7

They all have internal membranes.

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely to pass through a transport protein when entering a cell?

Answer 8

Glucose

Question 9

Which of the following is a major role of the glycocalyx of the cell membrane?

Answer 9

Cell identification

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the cytoskeleton?

Answer 10

An internal framework made of protein microfilaments and microtubules

Question 11

During protein synthesis, where does transcription occur?

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

Which of the following is not a form of endocytosis?

Answer 12

Sodium/potassium pump

Question 13

Which of the following is not a passive process?

Answer 13

Na+/K+ pump

Question 14

Which of the following uses extensions of the membrane called pseudopodia to form a membrane sac around the object to be transported into the cell?

Answer 14

Phagocytosis

Question 15

Which of the following statements about diffusion is incorrect?

Answer 15

Simple diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient, whereas facilitated diffusion moves substances up their concentration gradient.

Question 16

Which of the following may move directly by osmosis?

Answer 16

Water only

Question 17

Which of the following is necessary for diffusion to occur?

Answer 17

A concentration gradient

Question 18

Which of the following is correct about diffusion rate?

Answer 18

Diffusion rate is faster when there is a greater concentration gradient.

Question 19

Which of the following is the main difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Answer 19

Endocytosis moves materials into a cell, whereas exocytosis expels materials from the cell.

Question 20

Which statement about molecules at equilibrium is incorrect?

Answer 20

They stop moving once equilibrium is reached.

Question 21

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Answer 21

Diffusion of polar molecules through a carrier protein

Question 22

Which of the following is responsible for producing the “water gradient” that drives osmosis?

Answer 22

Solute molecules

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Answer 23

Diffusion of polar molecules through a carrier protein

Question 24

Which of the following statements about diffusion is incorrect?

Answer 24

Simple diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient, whereas facilitated diffusion moves substances up their concentration gradient.

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Answer 25

Diffusion of polar molecules through a carrier protein

Question 26

Which of the following is the best situation for maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 26

Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid.

Question 27

A cell is placed in a fluid of unknown tonicity. After one hour there is no change in the appearance of the cell. What would be a reasonable conclusion from this observation?

Answer 27

The fluid is isotonic to the cell.

Question 28

As it relates to osmotic balance, what specifically does the term tonicity refer to?

Answer 28

The amount of solute in the fluid.

Question 29

Which organ or organs play the biggest role in regulating osmotic balance in the body?

Answer 29

The kidneys

Question 30

What would happen to a cell in a hypotonic environment?

Answer 30

It may swell and burst as excess water moves in.

Question 31

If a person is suffering from dehydration, what is happening to their body fluids?

Answer 31

Their fluids are becoming more hypertonic.

Question 32

In some old horror movies, the “mad scientist” threatens to kill a person by injecting them with a small syringe of concentrated salt solution. Although this may be an exaggeration, what is the biological basis for this claim?

Answer 32

It could make blood hypertonic and blood cells may shrink and die.

Question 33

In general, in which direction would net water movement occur during osmosis?

Answer 33

From the hypotonic to the hypertonic fluid

Question 34

What is the danger to our cells during water toxicity?

Answer 34

Cells could swell and burst.