Cell Biology 1.6

Question 1

g1

Answer 1

the cell grows and increases in size, protein synthesis and respiration happen

Question 2

s

Answer 2

dna synthesis. dna is replicated into 2

Question 3

g2

Answer 3

cell grow and increases in size, centrioles replicate, mitochondria + chloroplasts replicated

Question 4

prophase

Answer 4

dna condense by supercoiling so that chromosone become visible. the nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibers starts to grow

Question 5

metaphase

Answer 5

chromosones line up along the equator. spindle fiber connect to each chromosomes

Question 6

anaphase

Answer 6

chromosomes divide into sister chromatids. spindle fibers get shorter, which pulls the sister chromatids towards the polesp

Question 7

telophase

Answer 7

chromsomes uncoil, nuclear envelop reforms, spindle fibers break down

Question 8

cytokenis

Answer 8

the cell divide into 2 genetically identical daugther cells

Question 9

mitotic index

Answer 9

number of cells doing mitosis : total number of cells

Question 10

animal cell vs plant cell cytokenisis

Answer 10

animal: vesicles do not line up along the equator. does not need to form cell walls. cells are separated by a cleavage furrow
plant: vesicles lines up along the equator in order to form a cell plate. form new cell walls by forming a cell plate. no cleavage furrow form.

cytoplasm separates, 2 identical daughter nuclei are formed .

Question 11

cyclins

Answer 11

family of proteins that controls the progression of cell through the cell cycle.

Question 12

what causes cancer

Answer 12

mutagen, oncogene, metastasis

Question 13

mutagen

Answer 13

physical or chemical factor that causes DNA mutation (UV ray, x-ray, radium, uranium)

Question 14

oncogene

Answer 14

genes that have potential to cause cancer, are associate with promoting cell growth

Question 15

metastasis

Answer 15

cancerous cell break off from a tumor, travel though the blood stream and causes a new tumor elsewhere.