Cell Biolgy Flashcards
what is a prokaryotic cell?
simple cells eg. bacteria
what is a Eukaryotic cell?
complex cells eg. plant and animal cells
where is the genetic material held in a cell?
the NUCLEUS
where does aerobic respiration take place?
the MITOCHONDRIA
where do chemical reactions in a cell take place?
the CYTOPLASM
where is protein the cell made?
the RIBOSOMES
what does a plant cell have that animal cells don’t have ?
- cell wall
- chloroplast (photosynthesis)
- permanent vacuole
what is the formula for magnification ?
Magnification = Image size/ Real size
what is cell differentiation ?
Differentiation is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for it’s job.
what are undifferentiated cells known as?
STEM CELLS
an example of a specialised cell
SPERM:
- long tail and streamlined head to help swim
- has a lot of mitochondria so the cell has energy
- carries enzymes so it can digest through the egg cell membrane
what are the two types of stem cells?
embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells found in the bone marrow
why are some against the use of stem cell research ?
- shouldn’t experiment on potential human life
what are the reasons for stem cell research ?
- the life of the patient who is suffering is more important than the embryo
- the embryos are from fertility clinics, and if are not used for research are most likely going to be destroyed
what are chromosomes?
chromosomes are coiled up strands of DNA, they carry large numbers of genes which determines a persons characteristics.
