Cell bio- Midterm review

Question 0

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 0

literal meaning- unicellular organism with no nucleus
size in micrometers (um)- 1-10 um
Internal structures surrounded by membrane?- NO MEMBRANE
Nucleus?- NUCLEUS ABSENT
Whole cell surrounded by membrane?- YES
Carries out ALL life processes- YES
EX.- Bacteria

Question 1

What Is The Cell Theory?

Answer 1

The theory that,

a) ALL living things are composed of cells
b) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
c) New cells are produced from living cells

Question 2

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 2

literal meaning- organism whose cells contain nuclei
Size in micrometers (um)- 10- 100 um
Internal structures surronded by a membrane?- MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
Nucleus?- NUCLEUS PRESENT
Whole cell surrounded by membrane?- YES
Each cell carries out ALL life processes- YES
EX.- Algae

Question 3

Cellular Structure/ ALL cell structures

Answer 3

RIBOSOMES- Make Protein
CYTOPLASM- Jelly like Goo on the Inside of the Cell
DNA- Genetic Material
CYTOSKELETON- Internal frame of the cell
CELL MEMBRANE- outer boundary of the cell semi- permeable

Question 4

Lysosomes

Answer 4

Contains digestive enzymes; breaks things down; “suicide sack”
location- cytoplasm
MANY are found in BOTH plants and animal cells
Life Process- Metabolism

Question 5

Chloroplasts

Answer 5

Site of photosynthesis; converts into food
location- cytoplasm
MANY are found in PLANT CELLS
life process- synthesis

Question 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 6

interconnecting channels for storage, synthesis, and transport of substances; smooth and rought cellular transport
location- cytoplasm
FEW are found in PLANT CELLS
life process- movement

Question 7

Cell Wall

Answer 7

nonliving structure for support and protection of cell
location- around cell membrane
ONE is located around PLANT CELLS
life process- excretion

Question 8

Cytoplasm

Answer 8

watery environment containg other organelles where many biochemical activities occur
location- inside cell
ONE is located in BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- movement

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

contains genetic material (DNA); control center of the cell
location- cytoplasm
ONE is found in BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- regulation

Question 10

Cell Membrane

Answer 10

Lipid Bilayer that controls transport of materials into and out of the cell
location- around cell
ONE is found around BOT PLANTS AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- exchange of gases

Question 11

Ribosomes

Answer 11

site of protein synthesis
location- rough endoplasmic reticulum
MAY are found in BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- uses energy

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

site of cellular respiration; powerhouse of the cell turns food into ATP
location- cytoplasm
MANY are found in BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- exchange of gases

Question 13

Golgi Complex

Answer 13

Synthesizes packages, and secretes cellular products (like a factory)
location- cytoplasm
ONE is found in BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- movement

Question 14

Nucleolus

Answer 14

involved in synthesis of ribosomes (in a eukaryotic cell)
location- nucleus
ONE found in BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
life process- uses energy

Question 15

Vacuole

Answer 15

apace in cytoplasm surrouded by membrane containing food water or waste
location- cytoplasm
FEW are found in PLANT CELLS
life process- excretion

Question 16

centrioles

Answer 16

cylindrical structures that function during cell division
location- cytoplasm
FEW (2) are located in ANIMAL CELLS
life process- reproduction

Question 17

what are the 8 (9) life functions

Answer 17

1) Respiration- the release of stored energy from food
2) Nutitrion- acquisition of energy and buildng block materials
3) Reproduction- not necessary for individual survival but for a species
4) Excretion- removal of wastes
5) Regulation- response to the environmental stimuli
6) Growth
7) transport- movement of materials in and out of a cell
8) Synthesis- building of new materials for use by the organism
9) Homeostasis- everything is functioning correctly

Question 18

properties of a living thing

Answer 18

M)ovement
R)eproduction
M)ade of cells
U)ses energy
G)rowth
R)esponds to the environment
E)xchange of gases
E)xcretion
L)imited life span

Question 19

Microscope Measuring Technique

Answer 19

unknown diameterr (um) = Total Low Magnification
—————————- = —————————-
Diameter in Low power Total high magnification

ex.
x = 100 times
——— = ————
1000 um = 400 times

now cross multiply…

400x  =  100,000
------  =  ---------
400    =  400

cross out like zeros giving you the new numbers...
100
----
4
now divide to get your answer
ANSWER- 250 um