Cell and Mitosis Test Flashcards
Stores genetic material
nucleus
Non-living exterior layer of some cells
cell wall
Provides protection and support to plant cells
cell wall
Controls what enters and leave the cell
cell membrane
The outer layer of animal cells
cell membrane
A maze-like pathway that allows materials to travel around the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
The cell filling containing many of the nutrients needed for life
cytoplasm
Makes proteins for the cell
ribosome
Makes sugar or food for the cell from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide
chloroplast
Makes energy for the cell from sugar or food
mitochondria
Breaks down molecules or dead cell parts
lysosome
Packages materials so that they can leave the cell
golgi body
Vacuole
stores water or other materials for the cell
What benefits do plants get from cell walls?
How do animals benefit from not having cell walls?
Plants need cell walls for protection and support.
Animals do not have them allowing them to move.
Why do plants need larger vacuoles than animals?
They need to store water to do photosynthesis. Since it does not rain every day, they need to store it.
Why do animals need more lysosomes than plants?
Plants make their own food (sugar) through photosynthesis.
Animals eat food which must be broken down before it can be used.
Why do plants need chloroplasts? What do animals need to do because they do not have them?
Plants need chloroplasts to make sugar to supply their cells with energy.
Animals must eat food (sources of energy) because they do not have them.
What three things are needed to do photosynthesis in the chloroplasts?
Sunlight (energy), CO2, H2O
What two things are created by photosynthesis?
Sugar and O2
What three things are created to do cell respiration?
Energy for the cell, H2O, CO2
What two things are needed to do cell respiration?
O2, Sugar
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
They are opposites of each other! What comes out of the chloroplast is needed by the mitochondria and vice versa.
Do plant or animal cells do cell respiration?
BOTH!!!! Plants need to turn sugar into energy, too!
Do plant or animal cells do photosynthesis?
Plant only.
