Cell Adaptation, Injury, Death

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

1. Protects
2. Transports
3. Boundary system for the cell

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

1. Control center of the cell; “The brain”
2. Contains the DNA of the cell
3. Nucleolus is responsible for making ribosomes

Question 3

Rough & Smooth ER

Answer 3

1. Where most protein synthesis occurs
2. Synthesize lipids
3. Smooth ER helps in detoxification of harmful substances

Question 4

Ribosomes

Answer 4

Make proteins that the cell & body needs

Question 5

Golgi Complex

Answer 5

Sorts & correctly ships the proteins produced in the ER

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Packages the energy of food into ATP molecules

Question 7

Vesicles

Answer 7

Stores & transports products produced by the cell

Question 8

Lysosomes

Answer 8

1. Break down large molecules into smaller pieces that the cell can use
2. Digestive system of the cell.

Question 9

Cytoplasm

Answer 9

Surrounds & protects the cell.
A. Adult=50%-65% water
B. Child=75% water
C. Human brain=75% water

Question 10

Types of Tissues

Answer 10

1. Epithelium/Endothelium
2. Connective Tissue(CT)
3. Muscle tissue
4. Nervous tissue
5. Blood & lymphoid tissue

Question 11

All forms of disease begin with?

Answer 11

Alterations to the cell

Question 12

Altered cellular & tissue biology results from?

Answer 12

1. Adaptation
2. Injury
3. Neoplasia
4. Aging
5. Death

Question 13

The Cell Adapts by?

Answer 13

1. Atrophy
2. Hypertrophy
3. Hyperplasia
4. Metaplasia
5. Dysplasia

Question 14

Atrophy

Answer 14

1. Reduction in cell size by:
 A. Disuse
 B. Nutritional deprivation
 C. 02 Deprivation(Ischemia)
 D. Decreased hormonal stimulation
 E. Aging
 F. Denervation pressure

Question 15

Hypertrophy

Answer 15

1. Enlargement of cell to an increased workload:
   A. Mechanical signals”stretch” muscles causing enlargement
   B. Trophic signals send hormones causing enlargement(Uterine growth)