Cell Adaptation

Question 1

What is cell adaptation?

Answer 1

occurs when the cell homeostasis is distorted by stresses or pathologic stimuli

Question 2

Adaptation can lead to 5 responses from the cells which are?

Answer 2

1. Atrophy
2. Hypertrophy
3. Hyperplasia
4. Metaplasia
5. Dysplasia

Question 3

What is atrophy?

Answer 3

Decrease in size and number of cells and their metabolic activity after normal growth has been reached (decreased protein synthesis and increased protein degradation)

Question 4

Hypertrophy

Answer 4

Increased size of cells and their functions (synthesis of more organelles and structural proteins) ex: cardiomyocytes, neurons (Cells with little replication)

Question 5

What disease is common in Main Coon cats?

Answer 5

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Mutation in the MYBPC3 gene)

Question 6

Hyperplasia

Answer 6

Increase in the number of cells of an organ

Question 7

Metaplasia

Answer 7

Change in phenotype of a differentiated cell in response to chronic irritation can lead to neoplasia. Often in epithelial cells

Question 8

Dysplasia

Answer 8

Abnormal development (mostly epithelial cells)