Cell Flashcards
What are the major causes of hypoxia?
Ischemia
Cardiopulmonary failure
Decreased O2-carrying capacity of blood
What is the most common type of metaplasia?
Columnar to squamous
A lysosomal disease caused by mutations affecting enzyme involved in cholesterol trafficking leading to cholesterol accumulation in multiple organs
Niemann-Pick disease, Type C
It is the wear and tear pigment, seen in aging and malnutrition
Lipofuscin
What is the most common cause of cell injury?
Hypoxia
- failure of cell to synthesize ATP by aerobic respiration
Accumulation of this pigment causes anthracosis in the lungs and involved lymph nodes or coal worker’s pneumocosis
Carbon
Inborn errors of metabolism:
Gaucher’s disease -
Glucocerebrosidase
Inborn errors of metabolism:
Tay-Sach’s disease-
Hexosaminidase A
Inborn errors of metabolism:
Niemann-Pick’s disease -
Sphingomyelinase
What are the predominating inflammatory infiltrate during the first 6-24 hours?
Neutrophils
What are the predominating inflammatory infiltrate during 24-48 hours?
Monocytes
What inflammatory cell is the major source of histamine in acute inflammation?
Basophils and mast cells
What inflammatory cell is the major cellular mediator of immediate hypersensitivity reaction?
Basophil and mast cell
Principal sources of histamine: (3)
Basophils
Mast cells
Platelets
Principal sources of serotonin: (2)
Platelet
Enterochromaffin cells
Macrophage of blood/bone marrow
Monocyte
Macrophage of liver
Kupffer cells
Macrophage of lymphnode
Sinus histiocytes
Macrophage of lungs
Alveolar macrophage or
DUST CELL
Macrophage of connective tissue
Tissue macrophage or
Histiocyte
Macrophage of skin and mucosa
Langerhans cell
Macrophage of CNS
Microglia
Macrophage of placenta
Hofbauer cell
Macrophage of kidney
Intraglomerular mesangial cell
