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PHYSIO > CELL > Flashcards

CELL Flashcards

0
Q

Knowing the diff functions of the body

A

Physiology

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1
Q

Science that deals with living org and its functions and its parts including different physical and chemical process involved

A

Physiology

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2
Q

Basic func unit of living org

A

Cell

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3
Q

Building blocks of both animals and plants

A

Cell

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4
Q

Each cell in the body maintain _ at the cellular level

A

Homeostasis

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5
Q

Components of extracellular fluid

A 
Sodium
Chloride
Bicarbonate ions
Oxygen
Glucose
Fatty acids and aa
Carbon dioxide
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6
Q

Components of intracellular fluid

A

Potassium
Magnesium
Phosphate ions

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7
Q

State of balance, equilibrium

A

Homeostasis

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8
Q

Maintaining CONSTANT INTERNAL ENVT even with changes in the external envt. Leading to a STABLE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE

A

Homeostasis

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9
Q

3 classification of cells

A

Shape
Number
Size

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10
Q

5 chemical composition of cells

A 
Water
Electrolytes
Proteins
Lipids
Cho
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11
Q

70%-80% in the cell

A

Water

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12
Q

10-20% of the cell mass

A

Proteins

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13
Q

2%

A

Lipids

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14
Q

1%

A

Cho

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15
Q

Principal fluid medium

A

Water

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16
Q

Most abundant chemical component of cell

A

Water

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17
Q

Inorg chemical needed for cellular rxn

A

Electrolytes

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18
Q

Examples of electrolytes

A 
Potassium
Phosphate
Magnesium
Sulfate bicarbonate
Sodium
Chloride
Calcium
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19
Q

Second most abundant cell composition

A

Protein

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20
Q

Proteins used in FORMATION OF CELL MEMBRANE

A

Structural proteins

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21
Q

Examples of structural proteins

A

Phospholipids
Filaments
Microtubules

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22
Q

Enzymes used to catalyze certain chemical rxn

A

Globular protein

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23
Q

Substances soluble in fat solvents

A

Lipids

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24
Q

Form membrane barriers in the cells

A

Lipids

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25
Q

Examples of lipids

A

Phospholipids
Cholesterol
Triglycerides

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26
Q

Nutrition of the cell

A

Carbohydrates

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27
Q

Stored as glycogen in the cell

A

Carbohydrates

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28
Q

Kinds of organelles

A

Non membranous

Membranous

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29
Q

Non membranous organelles

CCC MFR

A

Cytoskeleton
Centrioles
Cilia

Microvilli
Flagella
Ribosomes

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30
Q

Membranous organelles

NEG LPM

A

Nucleus
Er
Golgi app

Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria

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31
Q

Gateway and barrier

A

Cell membrane

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32
Q

Phospholipid bilayer and an inner layer of protein

A

Cell membrane

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33
Q

Charged part

A

Hydrophilic heads

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34
Q

Uncharged part

A

Hydrophobic tails

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35
Q

Partially penetrate the phospholipid layer

A

Peripheral protein

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36
Q

Fully penetrate the phospholipid layer

A

Integral protein

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37
Q

Allows certain substances to pass thru

A

Selectively permeable

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38
Q

Functions of cell membrane

BCE RSG

A 
Barriers
Controls entry of ions and nutrients
Elimination of wastes
Release of secretory products
Sensitivity of the cell 
Gives structural support
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39
Q

Composed of mostly potassium

A

Intracellular area

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40
Q

Composed mostly of SODIUM and CHLORIDE

A

Extracellular

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41
Q

Materials inside the cell

A

Cytoplasm

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42
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

Cytosol

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43
Q

Semi gelatinous substance

A

Cytosol

44
Q

Contains dissolved nutrients, soluble and insoluble proteins, waste products

A

Cytosol

45
Q

Structures performing specific functions inside the cell

A

Organelles

46
Q

Organelles always in contact with the cytosol

A

Non membranous organelles

47
Q

Internal protein framework giving your cytoplasm strength and flexibility

A

Cytoskeleton

48
Q

Components of cytoskeleton

A

Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Thick filaments
Microtubules

49
Q

Slender protein strand

A

Microfilaments

50
Q

Maintains cellular shape by RESISTING TENSION

A

Microfilaments

51
Q

Bonds CYTOSKELETON to CELL MEMBRANE

A

Microfilaments

52
Q

Tie cells together

A

Microfilaments

53
Q

Example of microfilaments

A

Thin filaments

54
Q

Thicker than microfilaments

8-12 nanometers

A

Intermediate filaments

55
Q

Maintain cellular shape by BEARING TENSION

A

intermediate filaments

56
Q

Participate in CELL-CELL and CELL-MATRIX junction

A

Intermediate fil

57
Q

May move matls in cytoplasm

A

Intermediate fil

58
Q

Example of intermediate filaments

A

Neurofilament

59
Q

Massive strand of protein

A

Thick filaments

60
Q

Example of thick filaments

A

Myosin

61
Q

Interact with the thin filaments to produce muscle contraction

A

Myosin

62
Q

Largest component of cytoskeleton

A

Microtubules

63
Q

Hollow tubes made from TUBULIN

A

Microtubules

64
Q

Resist COMPRESSION

A

Microtubules

65
Q

Provides strength

A

Microtubules

66
Q

Move ORGANELLES

A

Microtubules

67
Q

Examples of microtubules

A

Cilia

Centrioles

68
Q

Small finger shaped projections of cell membrane

A

Microvilli

69
Q

Increase surface area of the cell outside

A

Microvilli

70
Q

Absorption of matls from the extracellular fluids

A

Microvilli

71
Q

Example of microvilli

A

Cell of digestive tract and kidney

72
Q

9 grps of 3 microtubules forming a short cylinder

A

Centriole

73
Q

Found in the centrosome near the nucleus

A

Centriole

74
Q

Moves DNA molecules during cell division

A

Centriole

75
Q

9 grps of 2 long microtubules forming a cylinder around a central pair

A

Cilia

76
Q

Moves fluid or solid across the cell membrane

A

Cilia

77
Q

Moves sperm cells through fluid

A

Flagella

78
Q

Dense granules found in all cells scattered at cytoplasm,can be attached to ER

A

Ribosomes

79
Q

Ribosomes
60%?
40%?

A

60 rna

40 proteins

80
Q

To manufacture protein

A

Ribosomes

81
Q

Surrounded by lipids

A

Membranous organelles

82
Q

Double membrane containing inner folds or CRISTAE

A

Mitochondria

83
Q

Atp production providing energy

A

Mitochondria

84
Q

Process in producing ATP

A

Cellular respiration/ glycolysis

85
Q

Spherical struc surrounded by a double memb

A

Nucleus

86
Q

Nucleus contains..

A

Nucleolus and DNA

87
Q

It is the CONTROL CENTER for cellular operations and its interaction with other cells

A

Nucleus

88
Q

Where matls enter and exit from the nucleus

A

Nuclear pores

89
Q

A network of intracellular membranes forming hollow tubes , flattened sheets and round chambers (cisternae)

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

90
Q

Forme channels that circulate matls throughout the cytoplasm

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

91
Q

Storage unit for protein and enzymes

A

Er

92
Q

For attachment of ribosomes

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

93
Q

Latin word for NET

A

Reticulum

94
Q

Func of ER

A

Synthesize
Stores
Transports impt biomolecules

95
Q

Contains ribosomes

A

Rough er

96
Q

Newly synthesize proteins undergo chemical modification for export to the golgi app

A

Rough er

97
Q

It is the factory of producing proteins

A

Rough er

98
Q

Does not contain ribosomes

A

Smooth er

99
Q

Synthesis of lipids, cho, hormones, steroids and alcohol

A

Smooth er

100
Q

Signals the release of CALCIUM for muscle contraction

A

Smooth er

101
Q

Flattened membrane discs

A

Saccules

102
Q

Saccules are found in

A

Golgi app

103
Q

Concentration and packaging center of the cell to form secretory vesicles

A

Golgi app

104
Q

Contains digestive enzymes - acid hydrolases
Digest foreign particles
Defense against disease

A

Lysosome

105
Q

Carry peroxidases

Absorb and neutralize toxins

A

Peroxisome

106
Q

Enzyme in lysosome

A

Acid hydrolases

107
Q

Enzyme in peroxisome

A

Peroxidases

PHYSIO (8 decks)

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