Celiac Disease Flashcards
What is celiac disease?
an immune- mediated disorder triggered by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals
What characterizes celiac disease?
atrophy of the villi in the proximal small intestine
onset from infancy to young adulthood
primarily affects the duodenum and the jejunum
Prevalence of celiac disease
Higher in :
Caucasians
people with relatives who have the disease
higher incidence for those with other autoimmune diseases
Symptoms of celiac disease
recurring abdominal bloating AND pain chronic diarrhea/CONSTIPATION WEIGHT LOSS PALE, FOUL SMELLING STOOL iron-deficiency anemia fatigue failure to thrive pain in the joints skin rash call dermatitis herpetiformis tooth discoloration or loss of wnamel unexplained infetilitY OSTEPOROsis Or no GI symptoms at all
What is gluten
A specific peptide fraction of proteins found in wheat, rye and barley
water insoluble proteins found in all cereal grains
It provides framework and structure for bread and dough and it stretches to hold gases formed during rising
Response to gluten in people with celiac disease
Autoimmune response causes infiltration of WBC and production of IgA and IgG antibodies which creates an inflammatory reaction
damage to intestinal mucosa alters neuropeptide secretions an decreased digestive and absorptive capacities
Decreased release of peptide hormones results in decreased secretions from the gall bladder and pancreas contributing to maldigestion
Long term consequences of celiac disease
iron deficiency anemia osteoporosis vitamin k deficiency intestinal cancers lactose intolerance vitamin/mineral deficiencies
How is it diagnosed?
Blood tests (IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies) preferred endoscopy
Goals of treatment for Celiac disease
Strict gluten free diet for life address deficiencies (fe, folic acid, vitamin d, calcium, magnesium)
Maximum gluten contamination for gluten free products
2- ppm
Grains that should be avoided
wheat, barley, rye
Grains that are safe
corn, rice, oats, potato
Overlooked foods that contain gluten?
Breaking Broth Croutons Pastas Seasoning
Stuffings
Poorly tolerated foods
Ice cream
Cream soups
Cakes cookies breads
Caramel coloring and mgs
