CE - Unit Review Flashcards
What are the subatomic particles that atoms are made up of?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What charge does each subatomic particle have?
Protons (+)
Neutrons (neutral)
Electrons (-)
What is an ion?
Any atom that has gained or lost an electron therefore gaining a charge
How would you describe static electric charge?
Static electric charge refers to an electric charge that builds up on the surface of an object.
What is electron affinity?
Electron affinity is the tendency of a substance to hold onto electrons.
What does the law of attraction state?
Opposite charges attract.
What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?
An insulator resists and does not allow electrons to freely flow through it while a conductor does.
What does electrostatics refer to?
It is the study of static electric charges.
How can an object be charged by induction?
A charged object can induce a charge on a neutral object by bringing it near the neutral object which is then grounded to retain its charge.
What happens to electrons when something is charged by contact?
Depending on the charge of the object coming into contact with it, the electrons will either be transferred to the new object or to the object that it is coming in contact with.
What is an electrical discharge?
A process bu which electric charges are transferred very quickly.
What two conditions must be met for current electrical energy to flow?
- Some sort of energy source to provide energy to the electrons.
- A complete path for electrons to flow.
What is resistance?
The degree to which a substance opposes the flow of electric current flowing through it.
What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?
A series circuit only has one path for electrons to flow while a parallel circuit has multiple paths split up junction points.
What is renewable energy?
The energy gained from renewable resources that can be reused or replaced.
What are some examples of renewable energy?
Wind
Solar
Biomass
What is non-renewable energy?
Energy gained from non-renewable resources which are resources that can not be replaces once it is used up.
What are some examples of non-renewable resources?
Oil
Coal
Natural Gas
How is electrical energy generated in a generator? Explain the different parts.
A fluid is used to spin a turbine that in turn spins copper wire and magnets past each other therefore releasing electrons and creating electricity.
Describe some characteristics of Fossil Fuels.
- consist of coal, oil, and natural gas
- produced from organic matter of organisms that lived millions of years ago, therefore considered non-renewable
- usually burned to boil water, and the steam is used to push the blades on a turbine and create power
Describe some characteristics of Nuclear Energy.
- atoms of heavy elements such as uranium are split to release energy
- the heat released is used to heat water to produce steam and spin a turbine
Describe some characteristics of Geothermal Energy.
- comes from water heated by molten rock in the Earth’s core that rises to the surface as hot water or steam
- to produce electricity a very hot source needs to be found
Describe some characteristics of Solar Energy.
- comes from collecting the energy from the Sun’s rays
- Solar panels are mainly made of silicon
Describe some characteristics of Wind Energy.
- wind turbines use moving air to spin blades connected to a generator
- the faster the wind the higher the amount of energy turbines produce
Describe some characteristics of Biomass.
- made of organic material such as plant and animal waste (ex: wood shavings, peat, straw, nutshells, sewage, and oat hulls)
- the organic waste disco poses producing methane which can then be burned to make steam a spin a turbine
What does sustainable development mean?
The development of energy that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
What does it mean if a device is “efficient”?
There is a good ration between the useful energy that comes out of a device compared to the total energy input.
