(CD) Teaching/Learning Flashcards
Part of SG for care design midterm (X) was told we didn't need to memorize/know
Define patient education
A process of assisting people to learn and incorporate health related behaviors into everyday life; assisting people to change behavior
Attributes/criteria for successful teaching/learning (3)
Teaching is planned
Learning outcome are goal oriented
Patient is motivated to learn
Are nurses educators?
YES
Where in nursing is patient education expected?
Patient education is expected in all settings of healthcare.
define health teaching
A flexible, person oriented process in which information and support is provided to clients for a variety of health-related learning needs
or
Specialized creative interpersonal nursing intervention whereby the nurse provides information, emotional support, and health-related skill training to clients for the purpose of helping them cope effectively with health problems and achieve maximum well-being
Who mandates health teaching?
JCAHO
ANA (Professional Nursing Standards)
State nursing practice acts
State public health codes
What does it mean to be a mandate for health teaching?
Being an organization which says you have to be an educator and provide some sort of guideline for what that means
Aspects highlighted in class regarding a Patient Bill of Rights
- You have the right to be well-informed about your illness, possible treatments, and likely unforeseen outcomes
- You have the right to receive understandable information
- You have the right to review your medical records and to have the information explained
All relate to informed consent and being able to understand what your health is and what is being done to/for you.
Who is responsible for gaining consent?
Whoever is doing the procedure
what are the three learning domains?
Cognitive
Psychomotor
Affective
What does the cognitive domain involve?
Increasing knowledge
What does the psychomotor domain involve?
developing or increasing a skill
What does the Aaffective domain involve?
Changing or influencing attitudes
How is learning measured?
Change in behavior
Understanding of information (teach-back)
What are the three theories of learning?
Cognitive
Humanist
Behaviorist
What is the focus of the behaviorist theory?
Behaviors
Feeling do not recieve attention
What are some key features/methods of the behaviorist theory?
Conditioning
reinforcement
Shaping
Extinction
list an example(s) of where using the behaviorist theory is appropriate
Potty training
Think Pavlov and his dogs
What domain of learning does the behaviorist theory go with?
psychomotor (loosely)
Focus of the cognitive theory?
Orientations towards information processing capability and ways that the information can be mastered
Key features/methods of the cognitive theory?
critical thinking
Intact executive function
Define critical thinking
A facilitation of learning in which individuals are able to restructure a problem so that it is amendable to change.
Creative flexible process
Application of learning from one thing to a new thing
What domain of learning does the cognitive theory go with?
Cognitive domain
Who is the owner/developer of the cognitive theory?
piage
What is the focus of the humanist theory?
Development of self-hood
What domain(s) of learning does the humanist theory go with?
Cognitive domain
Affective domain
Key aspect/belief of humanist theory?
Motivation is internal and learning self initiated
Listening
Nurse and client are partners in learning
Nurse is guide/coach/information source
Connection with self-efficacy
Most interactive of the three theories
Steps to the teaching process
Identify educational needs Establish goals and objectives Select appropriate educational methods Implement the educational plan Evaluate the educational Process
Teaching process- Evaluation
Process evaluation ongoing during teaching–reflect-in action
Outcome evaluation at the end to measure results and is goals/outcomes were met
Things to keep in mind to help one teach at the learners level rather than above or below their level
- what information to the need
- what is their developmental level
- what type of learner are they
- what is their literacy
Teaching process- Select educational methods
Influenced by learning domain needed to be used, age, literacy level, cognitive ability
Teaching process- Implementation
Think about where, how and when
Teaching process- Evaluation
Process evaluation ongoing during teaching–reflect-in action
Outcome evaluation at the end to measure results and is goals/outcomes were met
May use surveys, quiz
Teaching strategies for school age
Reward good behavior
concrete thinkers
sense of mastery
Teaching strategies for adolescence
role play
role modeling
move into abstract thinking
finding role identity
(X) “cultural care etiquette” time
Are there taboo times?
How important is being on time?
visiting
(X) “cultural care etiquette” Space
body language
how much space is appropriate between ppl
(X) “cultural care etiquette” Communication
greetings
gestures
smiling
eye contact
Is documentation of teaching required? if so by who?
Yes, by JCAHO
What should be documented regarding teaching/learning?
Information taught and actions taken
Patient’s motivation
Patient’s ability to learn and developmental level
Were outcomes/goals met?
Goals of motivational interviewing
- to help the client discuss and state motivations to change
- inc. self-efficacy
- recognize strengths
- reduce ambivalence regarding change
4 Essential steps to motivational interviewing
Engaging
Guiding
Evoking
Planning
What is DARN-CAT
An mnemonic to help remember and recognize change talk
What does DARN-CAT stand for
Desire -i want to change Ability -i can change Reason -it is important to change Need -i should change
Commitment -i will make changes Activation -i am ready, prepared, willing to change Taking steps -i am taking actions to change
pedagogy
- define
- strategies
Children/little knowledge
Teacher assumes full responsibility for what is taught. (teacher directed)
Androgyny
- define
- strategies
Adults/some knowledge
learners play a role in deciding what they need and want to learn.
