CCAP College 1

Question 1

functionalistic view of emotions (Frijda, 1986)

Answer 1

emotions have a social function: emotion = dynamic, cognitive process where someone strategically decides how to react in an emotion evoking situation, to achieve the best possible outcome

Question 2

Appraisal Theory (Lazarus)

Answer 2

Emotions are extracted by our appraisals (evaluations) of events; our appraisal causes an emotional response
1) Primary appraisal
2) Secondary appraisal

Question 3

1) Primary appraisal

Answer 3

individual makes interpretation of event as either good or bad. No reaction yet; only physiological arousal
- quasi-automatic

Question 4

2) Secondary appraisal

Answer 4

individual evaluates the most strategic way to respond; considers what he wants to achieve in relation to the other person, and “chooses” a certain reaction
- previous experiences; own abilities; determines which emotion!!! SO: you decide the emotion AFTER the situation ends

Question 5

primary function of physiological arousal in Appraisal Theory

Answer 5

provision of energy, mobilization of the individual; prepare for action

Question 6

anger or sadness? (Appraisal Theory)

Answer 6

anger:
- focus on cause/person that did this
- evaluation: reinstatement desired situation is possible
sadness:
- focus on loss and consequence
- you want to be alone
- evaluation: reinstatement desired situation impossible

Question 7

Functionalistic View on Emotions (Scherer, 2000)

Answer 7

what is an emotion?
1: physiological arousal
2: motor expression
3: cognitive processing (=appraisal)
4: subjective feeling/state
5: action tendency

Question 8

social (emotion) in deaf/hard hearing children

Answer 8

more often sad than angry, because it requires less complex communication
- less social interactions, fewer social learning opportunities, which affects social-emotional development

Question 9

interpersonal functions of emotions

Answer 9

anger: set boundaries
fear: avoiding harm, submission
love: bonding, strengten relationships
jealousy: protecting what’s yours
shame: become better person, fit into norms/values

Question 10

James-Lange Theory (1885) (Emotions)

Answer 10

perception of an event —> physiological arousal —> subjective feeling
- SO: emotion = our awareness of the bodily changes as they occur; and thus, subjective feeling state is a consequence rather than a cause

Question 11

problem with James-Lange Theory

Answer 11

open to misinterpretation of bodily signals

Question 12

difference between emotions and mood states

Answer 12

emotions have a direct link with specific situation/memory
mood states do not; cause is unclear, longer duration and lower intensity

Question 13

how do children learn about emotions?

Answer 13

like language, but: innate or learned?
- everyone experiences emotions, but socialization!
- different sources of info for children to learn from (self-observation, observation of others, (verbal) passing on)

Question 14

emotion socialization

Answer 14

WHEN emotions are experienced and HOW they are expressed is learned

Question 15

emotional intelligence: what do we need?

Answer 15

1: emotion recognition
2: empathy
3: emotion awareness
4: emotion vocabulary
5: moral emotions
6: regulation emotions

Question 16

circle of emotional intelligence

Answer 16

emotional intelligence —> mental health —> social functioning —> …

access to social world -> emotional intelligence