CC12 Equilibrium Flashcards
What is a reversible reaction?
A reaction which can go from reactants to products but also from products to reactants
What is the symbol for a reversible reaction?
⇌
If a reaction is exothermic in the forward direction what will it be in the reverse direction?
Endothermic
Two reactants require 30kJ to turn into products. What energy transfer is involved when the products turn into reactants?
30kJ is released
What is equilibrium? (2)
The point in a reversible reaction when the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate and the mass of reactants stays constant
How is the amount of reactant changing at equilibrium?
It is not changing
How is the amount of product changing at equilibrium?
It is not changing
A reaction is exothermic in the forward direction. What will occur if the temperature is increased?
The backward reaction will increase as it is endothermic and will reduce the temperature
A reaction is endothermic in the forward direction. What will occur if the temperature is increased?
The forward reaction will increase as it is endothermic and will reduce the temperature
A reaction is at equilibrium when some product is removed. What will occur?
The forward reaction will increase as that will increase the amount of product
A reaction is at equilibrium when the concentration of a reactant is increased. What will occur?
It will move in the forward reaction to reduce the amount of the reactant.
The reaction below is at equilibrium. What will occur when the pressure is increased?2H₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2H₂O(g)
The forward reaction will increase as there are fewer molecules on the right. This will reduce the total number of molecules and therefore the pressure.
What is the Haber process reaction?
3H2(g) + N2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
What temperature is used for the Haber process?
450 oC
Where does the nitrogen for the Haber Process come from?
Nitrogen from the atmosphere
Where does the hydrogen for the Haber Process come from?
Hydrogen from natural gas
Why are the products of the reaction in the Haber process cooled?
To turn the ammonia into a liquid and remove it, so driving the equilibrium in the forward reaction some more.
What is a dynamic equilibrium?
The point in a reversible reaction when the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at the same rate and the mass of reactants stays constant
What catalyst is used for the Haber process?
Iron catalyst
What pressure is used for the Haber process?
200 atmospheres
