CC QUIZ 1 Flashcards
safety features built into the overall design of a product
a. Work practice control
b. Engineering control
c. Emergency equipment
d. PPE
Engineering control
Convert 1 uL to dL?
a. 1 X 10-5
b. 1 X 10-6
c. 1 X 10-4
d. 1 X 10-3
1 X 10-5
NOTE:
deci – 10-1 or 0.1
micro – 10-6 or 0.000 001
bawasan mo lang ang 10-6 ng isa which is 10-5 or 0.000 01
The absorbance of a solution does not increase as its concentration increase
a. Need to repair the monochromator
b. There is a loss of linearity due to stray light
c. Transmittance will increase
d. AOTA
There is a loss of linearity due to stray light
NOTE:
Stray light limits the maximum absorbance that a spectrophotometer can achieve
Stray light is the MOST COMMON cause of LOSS OF LINEARITY
Contains the same reagents used for the test; adjust the spectrophotometer to 100% (or 0 absorbace); the instrument automatically subtract the color contributed by the reagent from each reading. Thus correcting color contribution of the reagents
a. Sample blank
b. Reagent blank
c. Blanking technique
AOTA
Reagent blank
NOTE:
A - is used to subtract the intrinsic absorbance of the sample usually caused by hemolysis, icterus, turbidity, or drug interference.
C - serum w/reagent. For correcting absorbance caused by reagent’s color
The ff. measure trace metals except
a. Spectrophotometer
b. AAS
c. FEP
d. Turbidimetry
Turbidimetry
Oxidation reactions of luminol, acridinium esters, and dioxetanes which create rapid increase in intensity of emitted light followed by a gradual decay?
a. Fluorometry
b. Chemiluminiscence
c. Spectrophotometer
d. Nephelometry
Chemiluminiscence
NOTE:
Emission of light is created from a chemical or electrochemical reaction. No excitation radiation, no monochromator
True about electrophoresis
a. Proteins will stop migrating when it reached the isoelectric point
b. The pH of the buffer used in standard electrophoresis is pH 6.5
c. Plasma is used more often than serum
d. Standard electrophoresis separates protein into 12 zones
Proteins will stop migrating when it reached the isoelectric point
NOTE:
A - Isoelectric point (pI) – pH where protein has no net charge
B - pH 8.6
C – serum is used
D- 5 zones (Albumin, a1 globulin, a2 globulin, beta globulin, and gamma)
The gold standard for drug testing?
a. It uses pressure for fast separation of substances
b. It separates according to charge and not size
c. The sample is volatilized, then separates the various components of the sample based on size and/or polarity. The separated components then go into a mass selective detector
d. It measures light scatter by a particle in a solution
The sample is volatilized, then separates the various components of the sample based on size and/or polarity. The separated components then go into a mass selective detector
NOTE:
A – HPLC for Hemoglobin
B – isoelectric focusing electrophoresis
C- GCMS
D – nephelometry
As the concentration of the osmole increases
a. The freezing point lowers
b. The vapor pressures decreases
c. The boiling point and osmotic pressure are raised
d. AOTA
AOTA
What method is being described: When oxygen (oxidant) diffuses to the membrane, it will accept electron from a reducing agent (electron donor), thus the flow of electron corresponding the O2 concentration is being measured
a. Potentiometry
b. Coulometry
c. Amperometry
d. Polarography
Amperometry
NOTE:
A - potential difference between an indicator electrode and a reference electrode is measured
B - number of equivalent weights of a reactant oxidized or reduced is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity used in the reaction
D- the measurement of differences in current at a constant voltage
True about control except
a. Sample that is chemically & physically similar to unknown specimen
b. Monitors precision of test system
c. is tested in exactly the same with the patient specimen
d. Reference material with known concentration of analyte
Reference material with known concentration of analyte
NOTE:
D – standard/calibrator
Using resin to selectively removed ions, its product is ideal for electrolyte study?
a. Deionization
b. Distillation
c. Reverse osmosis
d. Ozone treatment
Deionization
How to derive the equivalence from grams?
a. Sum the atomic mass of each element of a compound
b. Divide the gram molecular weight by its (the compound) valence
c. Divide the mole by liter
d. NOTA
Divide the gram molecular weight by its (the compound) valence
NOTE:
A – mole
C – Molarity
Most popular and versatile analyzer –measures only the tests requested on a sample
a. Discrete
b. Centrifugal
c. Continuous flow
d. Vitros
Discrete
NOTE:
A - It is capable of running multiple –tests-one-sample-at-a-time
B - Major advantage: batch analysis
C - Samples flow through a common reaction vessel or pathway
All but one is incorrect?
a. Re-spinning of tubes after transferring the serum of plasma to another tube
b. Speed testing of centrifuge every quarter
c. Weekly disinfection of the centrifuge
d. NOTA
NOTA
To confirm a that a pipet needs “blow out”, one must look for
a. Two thin rings near the mouthpiece of the pipet
b. No colored rings near the mouthpiece of the pipet
c. Curve glass near the tip of the pipet
d. Curve glass near the mouthpiece of the pipet
Two thin rings near the mouthpiece of the pipet
Commonly used in verification of pipette calibration?
a. Tachometer
b. Water
c. Viscous fluid
d. Air
Water
NOTE:
Gravimetric pipette calibration - specific amount of water is pipetted into a weighed container
Volumetric pipette calibration - uses a dye of known concentration and water
Fume hood is a necessity for every clinical chemistry lab . It is the only safe place to
a. prepare reagents that produce fumes
b. Open any container of a material that gives off harmul vapors
c. heat flammable solvents
d. AOTA
AOTA
Variation according to sleeping and waking times
a. Cyclic
b. Circadian
c. Diurnal
d. Circannual
Diurnal
NOTE:
A- Changes in analyte concentration occur at different times during the day, week, or month
B - Occurs during a 24-hour period
D- Occurs twice a year; related to seasonal changes in climate and diet
The major concern in specimen collection
a. Chain of custody
b. Patient identification
c. Sample identification
d. Diurnal variation
Patient identification
NOTE:
ABC – are all major concerns in specimen collection, but the order is Patient ID, Sample ID, and COC
Analyte that increases in strenuous exercise that can be life threatening
a. Protein
b. AST
c. Potassium
d. Cholesterol
Potassium
NOTE:
C- hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrest
ABC – are all increasing
D – decreases
Why does lactate increase during exercise?
a. Low oxygen during exercise diverts metabolic pathway to anaerobic metabolism
b. Low glucose triggers increase in cortisol
c. Gluconeogenesis converts TAG and Protein to Glucose-6-phosphate
d. AOTA
Low oxygen during exercise diverts metabolic pathway to anaerobic metabolism
NOTE:
A – LD will convert pyruvate to lactate in anaerobic metabolism
B - Cortisol will stimulate GLUCONEOGENESIS
A specimen for glucose is diluted 1:5. The value of the diluted specimen is 100 mg/dL. What should be done to correct the dilution?
a. Multiply the diluted specimen value to the reciprocal of dilution
b. Divide the diluted specimen value to the reciprocal of dilution
c. Distance leading edge of component moves divide by total distance of solvent
d. Divide 500mg/dL by 5
Multiply the diluted specimen value to the reciprocal of dilution
NOTE:
100 mg/dL (diluted specimen value) x 5 (reciprocal of dilution) = 500 mg/dL
Electrolytes, glucose, BUN, creatinine, and osmolality examinations been performed on a patient suspected of ingesting ethanol. What can be done to help reveal this condition without additional tests?
a. Compute the anion gap
b. Compute the osmolality
c. Measure the osmolality
d. Compute the difference between the measured osmolality and the calculated osmolality
Compute the difference between the measured osmolality and the calculated osmolality
NOTE:
d - *compute for the osmolal gap
The predominant designation for temperature that is adopted by the SI?
a. Candela
b. Kelvin
c. Celsius
d. Fahrenheit
Kelvin
NOTE:
B- The SI designation for temperature is the Kelvin scale
C - The predominant practice for temperature measurement uses the Celsius
Certifies laboratories to conduct forensic drug testing?
a. IUPAC
b. ISO
c. SAMHSA
d. CLSI
SAMHSA
NOTE:
C - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
A - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
B - International Organization for Standards
D - Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
Hearing protection (earplugs or earmuffs)
a. Work practice control
b. Engineering control
c. Emergency equipment
d. PPE
Emergency equipment
Pico is
a. 10-15
b. 10-9
c. 10-12
d. 10-18
10-12
NOTE:
A – Femto
B – nano
D – atto
The conversion factor of glucose?
a. 88.4
b. 0.026
c. 0.0113
d. NOTA
NOTA
NOTE:
Glucose is 0.0555
Measurement of assay at two different wavelength
a. Bichromatic analysis
b. Double beam in space
c. Double beam in time
d. Monochromator
Bichromatic analysis
NOTE:
B- use two photodetectors
C - uses one photodetector
D- isolates specific wavelength
