CC (MJ) Part 3 Flashcards
LDH
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
a
Aldolase
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
d
AMS
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
c
CK
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
b
AST, ALT, GGT
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
b
ACP and ALP
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
c
Glucose oxidase, G6PD
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
a
LPS
a. Oxidoreductase
b. Transferase
c. Hydrolase
d. Lyase
c
Cofactors of Amylase includes:
a. Mg
b. Ca
c. Cl
d. Na
b and c
Cofactors of Ck includes:
a. Mg
b. Ca
c. Cl
d. Na
a
Inacivation of CK can partially be revered by addition of sulfhydryl compounds such as:
a. Lactase
b. N-acetyl-b-phenylinediamine Dihydrochloride
c. Alkaline picrate
d. N-acetylcysteine
d
Use also in digestion of sputum
Methods of enzymatic reactions:
The reaction proceeds for designated time, after which the reaction stopped
a. Fixed reaction time method
b. Continuous monitoring
a
Methods of enzymatic reactions:
Kinetic assay where i involves multiple measurement
a. Fixed reaction time method
b. Continuous monitoring
b
Formula for michaelis menten hypothesis?
V = V max (s)/ Km + (S)
Reaction rate is directly proportional to the substrate concentration
a. First order
b. Zero order
a
Best to measure enzyme where the reaction rate depends only on the enzyme concentration
a. First order
b. Zero order
b
Enzymes increase in Acute myocardial infarction:
a. CK MB
b. AST
c. LDH
d. ALT
e. AST
f. Amylase
g. Lipase
abc
Enzymes increase in Acute pancreatitis
a. CK MB
b. AST
c. LDH
d. ALT
e. AST
f. Amylase
g. Lipase
fg
Enzymes increase inHepatic disease
a. CK MB
b. AST
c. LDH
d. ALT
e. AST
f. Amylase
g. Lipase
de
Hepatobilliary disease
a.GGT
b. ALP
c. ACP
d. Renine
e. ACE
ab
Blood pressure regulation?
a.GGT
b. ALP
c. ACP
d. Renine
e. ACE
de
Medico-legal evaluation of rape cases
a.GGT
b. ALP
c. ACP
d. Renine
e. ACE
c
Skeletal muscle disorder?
a. Aldolase
b. CK
c. AST
d. LDH
all
Greatest amount in Pernicious anemia:
a. CK
b. LDH
c. AST/ALT
d. ALP
b
Greatest amount in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy:
a. CK
b. LDH
c. AST/ALT
d. ALP
a
Greatest amount in Paget’s disease
a. CK
b. LDH
c. AST/ALT
d. ALP
d
Greatest amount in Acute viral hepatitis
a. CK
b. LDH
c. AST/ALT
d. ALP
c
1st Enzyme to be increased in AMI?
CK MB
1st Marker to be increased in AMI?
Myoglobin
In AMI, CK MB Increases after?
4-8 hrs
CK MB Pearks at for AMI
12 hours -24 hours
CK MB Normalizes at?
2-3 days
Reference range of CK MB
a. <6% total CK
b. <5% total CK
c. <4% total CK
d. <3% total CK
a
Cold LAbile LDH?
LD 4 and LLD 5
LD FLip occurs in AMI
T or F
T
Least organ specific enzyme
LDH
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of choline ester or acetylcholine into acid and choline
a. Cholesterol kinase
b. Esterase
c. Cholinesterase
d. Lipase
b
ALP ________ occurs after ingestion of HIGH fat meal
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. No effect
a
ALP Fastest toward the anode
a. Liver
b. BOne
c. Placenta
d. Intestine
a
Most heat stable
a. Liver
b. BOne
c. Placenta
d. Intestine
c
Most heat labile
a. Liver
b. BOne
c. Placenta
d. Intestine
b
Inhibited by urea
a. Liver
b. BOne
c. Placenta
d. Intestine
b
Substrate for Bower-Comb method?
a. p-nitrophenyl phosphate
b. G6P
c. p-nitrophenyl phosphatase
d. p-nitrophenyl phosphate dehydrgenase
a
Reference method for ALP?
Bowers Comb
Most specific substrate for prostatic form of acid phosphatase?
a. Thymophthalein monophosphate
b. Thymophthalein diphosphate
c. Thymophthalein triphosphate
a
ALP can be differentiated by these following enzyme that increased in liver but normal in bone related disease
a. All of these
b. GGT
c. 5-nucleotidase
d. Leucine aminopeptidase
a
Sensitive marker for alcoholism and hepatobiliary disease
GGT
AMylase that is inhibited by wheat germ lectin?
Salivary amylase
Decrease in substrate (Starch) Concentration due to amylase activity
a. Saccharogenic
b. Amyloclastic
c. Coupled enzyme reaction
d. Chromogenic
e. Cherry crandall method
b
Measures reducing sugas produced by hydrolysis of starch
a. Saccharogenic
b. Amyloclastic
c. Coupled enzyme reaction
d. Chromogenic
e. Cherry crandall method
a
Ref method for amylase?
a. Saccharogenic
b. Amyloclastic
c. Coupled enzyme reaction
d. Chromogenic
e. Cherry crandall method
e
Substrate for Cherry crandall method for lipase?
a. Milk
b. Olive oil
c. Triolein
d. Dilein
b and c
Lipase is very labile in serum
T or F
F
Stable
Lipase loss of activity at RM for 1 week or 3 weeks at 4C
T or F
T
Major intracellular anion?
Phosphate
Major extracellular anion
Chloride
Primary counterion of sodium
a. Potassium
b. Chloride
b
Quality control tool for electrolyte testing (ISE)?
Anion Gap
Analytes contributes in mycocardial rhytm / ECG
Potassium, Mg, Calcium
Involve in maintaining osmolality, blood volume and electrical neutrality
Chloride
Principle of Cotlove
a. Amperometric coulometric titration
b. Mercuric titration
c. Hexokinase
d. Ion Selective electrode
a
Principle of Schales and schales method
Principle of Cotlove
a. Amperometric coulometric titration
b. Mercuric titration
c. Hexokinase
d. Ion Selective electrode
b
uses Mercuric thiocyante and ferric nitrate
a. Amperometric coulometric titration
b. Mercuric titration
c. Colorimetric
d. Ion Selective electrode
c
Tetany causes low calcium and magnesium
T or F
T
Analyte that is reciprocal relationship to calcium?
Phosphate
Majority of the iron is found in?
Hemoglobin
First step in photometric iron methods?
a. Reduction
b. Acidification
c. Colorimetry
b
ARC
Important part of glucose tolerance factor ?
Chromium
Trace element found in thyroid hormone?
Iodine
NPN according to concentration
U
A
U
C
C
A
Urea
Amino acids
Uric acids
Creatinine
Creatine
Ammonia
end product of protein metabolism
URea
end product of Muscle metabolism
Creatinine
end product of Purine metabolism
Uric acid
Term for elevated urea in the blood
Azotemia
Also known as uremic syndrome, elevatd urea in the blood with renal failure
Uremia
BUN to creatinine ratio?
10:1 - 20:1
Purpose of nitroprusside in Bertholot reaction for BUN?
a. Reactant
b. Substrate
c. Catalyst
d. Product
c
Urea method that is inexpensive but lacks specificity?
a. Colorimetric Endpoint
b. COlorimetric Kinetic
c. DAM
d. A and C
e. B and C
d
Also knwon as Fearon method
Simplest type of Jaffe reaction?
a. Colorimetric Endpoint
b. COlorimetric Kinetic
c. DAM
d. A and C
e. B and C
a
More specific and more preferred type of Jaffe?
a. Colorimetric Endpoint
b. COlorimetric Kinetic
c. DAM
d. A and C
e. B and C
b
Reagent in Jaffe method?
a. NaOH + Picric acid
b. NaOH + Nitric acid
c. Fuller’s earth/Lloyds reagent
d. A and C
e. B and C
d
NaOH + Picric acid is also known as?
Alkaline picrate
Purpose of Fuller’s earth and lloyd’s reagent?
a. Absorbent
b. Adsorbent
c. Elution
d. Resorbent
b
NPN that absorbs light at 293 nm
a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Uric acid
d. Creatinine
c
Method for uric acid that is affected by interference caused by reducing substance?
a. Colorimetric method
b. Enzymatic method (Peroxidase)
c. Direct method
d. Jaffe method
b
Condition associated with deficiency of Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase?
a. Orange sand in diaper
b. Blue diaper syndrome
c. Hartnup syndrome
d. Lesh-nyhan syndrome
a and d
Refers to the deposits of uric acid crystals as sodium urates in great toe, ear lobe, and elbow
Tophi
Reye’s syndome and hepatic coma is associated with elevated levels of ?
a. Urea
b. Ammonia
c. Uric Acid
d. Creatinine
b
Metabolic function of the kidney is to activate Vit D
T or F
T
Organs that control acid base balance?
Lung and kidney
Effect of every 1C of fever on pCo2 and PO2?
a. 3% increased, 7% decreased
b. 3% decreased, 7% increased
c. 7% increased, 3% decreased
d. 7% decreased, 3% increased
a
Venous blood iis usually _______ units lower than arterial bloood
0.03 pH
Ratio of bicarbonate to cabonic acid?
20:1
Changes in Results if a blood gas specimen is exposed to room air?
pH
PO2
PCO2
Increased
Increased
Decreased
Anticoag choice for blood gas/
a. Heparin in syringe without rubber stopper
b. Heparin in syringe with rubber stopper
c. EDTA in syringe with rubber stopper
d. . EDTA in syringe without rubber stopper
b
ALP in hyperthyroidism,
a. increased
b. decreased
c. no effect
a
Cholesterol and TRIGLYCERIDES in hypothyroidism
a. increased
b. decreased
c. no effect
a
Test analyte that confirms conflicting thyroid results?
a. FT3
b. FT4
c. rT3
d. rT4
c
rT3 is fomred from the deiodination of T4 in the
a. CSF
b. synovial fluid
c. Blood
d. Tissue
c
Disease characterized by decreased in TSH, Normal FT3, Increased FT3 and T3
a. Plummer’s disease
b. COngenital hypothyroidism (Cretinism)
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Hyperthyroidism
a
Hyposecretion of T4 in children
a. Plummer’s disease
b. COngenital hypothyroidism (Cretinism)
c. Hypothyroidism
d. Hyperthyroidism
b
T3U is directly proportional to T3/T4 and inversely proportional to TBG
T or F
T
This carries the majority of the thyroid hormone (70-75%)
a. TBG
b. TBPA
c. TBA
a
Primary source o estradiol?
Ovaries
Primary source of estriol?
Placenta
Hormone increased during the 1st trimester of pregnancy and serves as a marker of pregnancy and testicular cancer.
Produced by the placenta
hCG
Hormones increased in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy
a. E3
b. Progesterone
c. Testosteron
d. B and C
e. A and B
e
Increased hCG may be caused by the following;
a. Down syndrome
b. Choriocarcinoma
c. Molar pregnancy
d. All of the above
d
Decreased in hCG may be caused by the following:
a. Ectopic pregnancy
b. Down syndrome
c. Patau syndrome
d. Edward syndrome
a
Trisomy 13
a. Ectopic pregnancy
b. Down syndrome
c. Patau syndrome
d. Edward syndrome
c
Trisomy 18
a. Ectopic pregnancy
b. Down syndrome
c. Patau syndrome
d. Edward syndrome
d
Major mineralocorticoid
Aldosterone
Major glucocorticoid
COtisol
Vanillylmandelic acid is a metabolite of?
a. Dopamine
b. Catecholamine
c. Cortisol
b
Homovanilic acid is a metabolie of?
a. Dopamine
b. Catecholamine
c. Cortisol
a
3 Screening test are usd in the evaluation of patient suspected of having crushing syndrome:
a. 24 hour urinary free cortisol
b. Overnight dexamethasone suppression test
c. Plasma or salivary midnight cortisol
d. AOA
d
Increase GH during adulthood
a. Gigantism
b. Acromegaly
b
Increase GH during Childhood
a. Gigantism
b. Acromegaly
a
Stimuus for ADH release?
Hyperosmolar plasma
Substance that regulates calcium include:
a. Parathyroid hormone
b. Vit B 12
c. Vit D
d. Calcitonin
acd
Primary metabolite for serotonin
a. 5-HIAA
b. uric acid
c. Serota acid
d. Urea
a
Bronchodilator/anti Asthma drug
a. Lithium
b. Theophyline
c. Vancomycin
d. Chloramphenicol
b
Treatment for manic depression
a. Lithium
b. Theophyline
c. Vancomycin
d. Chloramphenicol
a
Associated to the red man syndrome
a. Lithium
b. Theophyline
c. Vancomycin
d. Chloramphenicol
c
caused by MRSA
Antibiotic associated with aplastic anemia
a. Lithium
b. Theophyline
c. Vancomycin
d. Chloramphenicol
d
Most common type of sedative hypnotics abused?
a. Barbituates and benzodiazepines
b. Alcohol
c. Theophylline and Caffeine
d. Cyclosporine
a
The following are anticonvulsant except:
a. Valproic acid
b. Carbamazepine
c. Phenytoin
d. Cyclosporine
d
Cyclosporine is a ?
Immnosuppressant
Function of digoxin?
Cardioactive or anti-arrhythmic drug
codeine is what type of drug?
a. Anticonvulsant
b. Anti arrhythmic
c. Immunosupressive
d. Antitussive
d
Cough suppressant
Specimen collected before the administration of next dose
Trough
Acetaminophen is toxic to which organ?
Liver
Trinder’s reaction which uses ferric nitrate which is used in assessment of toxicity with?
Salicylate
Aspirin
Metabolite of cocaine
a. Cyanide
b. Benzoylecgonine
c. Alpha-9-tetrahydrocannanibol
d. Morphine
b
Metabolite of marijuana
a. Cyanide
b. Benzoylecgonine
c. Alpha-9-tetrahydrocannanibol
d. Morphine
c
Metabolite of cocaine
b
Confirmatory test for drugs?
GC MS
Odor of garlic, keratinophilic
a. Arsenic
b. Cyanide
a
Oder of bitter almonds
a. Arsenic
b. Cyanide
b
Specimen for lead toxicity
a. PRBC
b. Whole blood
c. ALcohol
b
Mild euphoria
a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.025
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
b
Mental confusion, dizzines, strongly impaired motor
a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.025
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
d
Impaired consioucsness
a. 0.01-0.05
b. 0.03-0.12
c. 0.09-0.025
d. 0.18-0.30
e. 0.27-0.40
f. 0.35-0.50
e
