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Lab Dx Test1 > CBC > Flashcards

CBC Flashcards

1
Q

What 5 types of WBC’s are given as differential % values in the CBC

A

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes (B cells and Tcells), and monocytes

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2
Q

2 multilobular WBC’s

A

monocytes and neutrophils

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3
Q

2 types of WBC’s ramped up in allergies

A

eosinophils (most affected) and basophils

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4
Q

definition of ANC and implication

A

absolute neutrophil count - a value less than 1000 means immunocompromised

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5
Q

two cell types that contain histamine and heparin

A

basophils and mast cells

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6
Q

implication of high monocyte differential

A

chronic infection/inflammation

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7
Q

RBC lifespan

A

120 days

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8
Q

normal WBC count in adults

A

5-10,000/cubic mm (=mcL)

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9
Q

normal WBC count for children under 2

A

6-17,000/ cubic mm

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10
Q

what percentage of WBC count is B cells? T cells?

A

B cells= 5%, T cells=95%

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11
Q

the four RBC indices

A

MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW

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12
Q

anemia is defined as

A

RBC count > 10% below normal

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13
Q

normal adult range for RBC count

A

4,500,000-6,000,000 / cubic mm

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14
Q

name for excess RBC’s

A

erythrocytosis

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15
Q

PCV stands for…

A

Packed Cell Volume, %= hematocrit (Hct)

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16
Q

indication that Hct is CRITICAL

A

65%

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17
Q

Rule of 3’s to check CBC accuracy

A

RBC count * 3 = Hgb… *3 = Hct

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18
Q

MCV formula

A

(Hct * 10)/RBC

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19
Q

Name for MCV abnormality

A

macrocytic or microcytic

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20
Q

What does RDW measure

A

red cell distribution width = % size variability

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21
Q

normal RDW

A

11-15%

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22
Q

Name for RDW abnormality

A

anisocytosis

23
Q

What is a reticulocyte

A

an immature cell that becomes a red cell in 2 days

24
Q

how are peripheral smears interpreted with the CBC

A

to complement the RBC count

25
Q

Burr cells are typical of what conditions

A

splenectomy, liver disease, and uremia

26
Q

what is the value given for reticulocytes and what’s the norm

A

the % of RBC’s that are retics. Normally (0.5-2%)

27
Q

3 interfering factors that could increase WBC count

A

exercise, stress, late afternoon, splenectomy, just before delivery

28
Q

3 drugs that increase WBC count

A

aspirin, steroids, allopurinol, epinephrine, quinine

29
Q

3 drugs that decrease WBC

A

barbiturates (antipsychotics), anticonvulsants, diuretics

30
Q

implication of RBC indices

A

categorizing anemias

31
Q

What is the first index to look at when RBC is low

A

MCV (microcytic could mean B12 deficiency)

32
Q

Indications for performing a CBC

A

fever, fatigue, SOB, bleeding/bruising

33
Q

What is the largest leukocyte

A

monocyte

34
Q

What is the largest percent in the WBC differential

A

neutrophil

35
Q

Meds increase WBC count

A

steroids, adrenaline, allopurinol, aspirin,

36
Q

When are monocytes increased

A

chronic inflammation

37
Q

When are neutrophils increased

A

acute response

38
Q

What 2 things causes a persist increase in WBC

A

worsening infection or chronic illness (ex: myelofibrosis)

39
Q

Medications that decrease WBC count

A

diuretics, anticonvulsants, barbituates, antipsychotics

40
Q

Spherocytes indicate

A

hereditary cytoskeletal defect that makes red cells less flexible (acquired hemolytic anemia)

41
Q

Heinz bodies

A

off-center red dots, hemoglobin is too oxidized (alpha thalessemia, G6PD deficiency)

42
Q

Howell-Jolly Bodies

A

blue dots that indicate: splenectomy, Sjogren syndrome, or myelodysplasia

43
Q

basophilic stipling

A

indicates rRNA accumulation from lead poisoning

44
Q

Schistocytes (helmet cells) indicates these 4 conditions

A

Waring blender syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), Thrombotic Thrombopenic Purpura (TTP), Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

45
Q

what is polycythemia vera

A

uncontrolled RBC production due to marrow neoplasm

46
Q

top 3 reasons for a true high WBC count

A

infection, myeloproliferative disorders, other malignancy, trauma/stress/hemorrhage

47
Q

what is normal MCV value

A

80-95 femtoliters (fL)

48
Q

what value does the MCHC reflect

A

the average RBC weight

49
Q

a low reticulocyte count in anemia means

A

marrow is aplastic or does not have compounds necessary for response to low RBC count

50
Q

a large number of abnormal shaped cells is called…

A

poikilocytosis

51
Q

Target cells are indicative of what disease

A

thalassemia

52
Q

At what organs can platelets get “parked”

A

liver and spleen

53
Q

2 reasons platelet count would be high

A

reacting to low RBC count (Fe anemia or bleeding ), post-splenectomy

54
Q

what can be determined from ESR “sed rate”

A

to determine if lab values are due to inflammation or to measure the effect of treatment of an inflammatory condition

Lab Dx Test1 (6 decks)

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