CBC 1 Flashcards
CBC: stands for? generated when?
complete blood count, blood run through a coulter counter and generates a count of the number of cells in blood
normal CBC derived from?
averaging cell counts measure in a normal healthy population +/- two standard deviations = around 5% of normal population will still lie outside standard reference range
normal reference ranges: variation?
will vary by gender, age, ethnicity, gestational status. are also lab/instrument specific
cytopenia: def? 4 subcategories?
low blood cell count. anemia = low hemoglobin. thrombocytopenia = low platelets. leukopenia = low white cells. neutropenia = low neutrophils.
increased cell counts: 4 examples?
neutrophilia. erythrocytosis = increased RBC. polycythemia = increased hematocrit. thrombocytosis = increased platelets.
CBCd?
complete blood count with differential (white cells are counted and categorized and quantified into their subtypes)
most common way of quantifying RBCs?
hemoglobin aka Hb aka HGB. amount of Hb protein in g/L
HCT
hematocrit: proportion of total that is occupied by RBCs. usually around 0.4 - 0.5
MCV
mean cell volume = average RBC size in femtoliters = the most clinically important, helps us classify anemia
MCHC
mean cell hemoglobin concentration; not commonly referred to
RDW
red cell distribution width; variation in size of red cells
anemia: definition? numbers for men/women?
low hemoglobin: men below 130g/L, women
normal MCV
80 - 100 fL
platelets: life span? purpose?
7-10 days. after blood vessel injury, they form a plug and coagulation factors are activated on their surface to form a fibrin net = blood clot
5 types of WBCs seen under microscope
neutrophils. lymphocytes. monocytes. eosinophils. basophils.
abnormal WBCs
blasts, myeloids. abnormal, reactive or variant lymphocytes which can be benign or malignant.
neonate: difference in CBC?
very high Hb levels, high MCV at birth –> falls of quickly after first few days of life
1 year old: difference vs. adult CBC?
relatively lower Hbs and lower MCVs
children less than 5 years of age vs. adult CBCs?
higher overall WBC, more lymphocytes than neutrophils (reverse of adults)
