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CBA Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

A

a monosaccaride

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2
Q

What is a monomer of a lipid?

A

a fatty acid

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3
Q

what is the monomer of a protein?

A

Amino Acids

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4
Q

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

A

nucleotide

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5
Q

What is the function of a carbohydrate?

A

Short term energy

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6
Q

what is the function of a lipid?

A

Long term energy

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7
Q

What is the function of a protein?

A

Builds, maintains tissues, and makes reactions go faster.

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8
Q

what is the function of nucleic acid?

A

stores or transfers genetic material

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9
Q

what are examples of carbohydrates?

A

Glucose, Chitin, and lactose

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10
Q

what are examples of lipids?

A

Phospholipids and waxes

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11
Q

what are examples of proteins?

A

enzymes, amylase, and hemoglobin

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12
Q

what are examples of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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13
Q

What holds together the nitrogenous bases?

A

hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

what is the circular structure in the DNA backbones

A

Phosphate

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15
Q

what is the hexagonal structure in DNA?

A

Sugar

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16
Q

What is the function of an enzyme?

A

An enzyme speeds up chemical reactions using less energy

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17
Q

What are factors that can affect the function of an enzyme

A

Hydrogen Ion concentration, enzyme, concentration, and temperature

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18
Q

Differences between prokaryote and eukaryote cells

A

Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus or a cell wall or a Golgi apparatus or an endoplasmic reticulum.

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19
Q

What do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common

A

They both have cytoplasm and a cell membrane

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20
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

In the chloroplast

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21
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

Sunlight, carbon dioxide ,water

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22
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

Oxygen and glucose

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23
Q

What is the formula of photosynthesis?

A

CO2+H20—>C6H1206+02

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24
Q

What type of energy does the sun create?

A

Radiation energy

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25
Q

What is the radiation energy of the sun transformed into?

A

Chemical energy of glucose

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26
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

In the chloroplast

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27
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur?

A

The mitochondria

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28
Q

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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29
Q

What are the products of cellular respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide and water and ATP

30
Q

What is the formula of cellular respiration?

A

C6H1206+ 6O2—> 6CO2+6H20

31
Q

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to each other

A

Photosynthesis uses the carbon dioxide that cellular respiration makes

32
Q

How is the relation of photosynthesis and cellular respiration an advantage

A

They both make the material that the other needs

33
Q

Going from high to low, active or passive transport

A

Passive transport

34
Q

Is going from low to high active or passive transport

A

Active transport

35
Q

Is using energy, active transport, or passive transport?

A

Active transport

36
Q

Is no energy active or passive transport?

A

Passive transport

37
Q

Is diffusion, passive or active transport?

A

Passive transport

38
Q

Is the movement of substances, active or passive transport

A

Both

39
Q

Concentration gradient, passive, or active transport?

A

Both

40
Q

Is endocytosis, passive or active transport?

A

Active transport

41
Q

Is exocytosis active or passive transport?

A

Active transport

42
Q

are Membrane proteins, passive, or active transport

A

Active transport

43
Q

Is felicitated, diffusion, active or passive transport?

A

Passive transport

44
Q

Is homeostasis active or passive transport?

A

Both

45
Q

Is energy needed in diffusion and osmosis?

A

It is not

46
Q

Does active transport need energy?

A

It does

47
Q

Does Endo and exocytosis require energy?

A

It does

48
Q

does facilitated diffusion require energy

A

It does not

49
Q

What is the function of a protein channel?

A

The protein channel help cells go through, which usually requires energy

50
Q

Is DNA double stranded or single-stranded

A

Double stranded

51
Q

What sugar does DNA have?

A

Deoxyribose sugar

52
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

A

adenine, cytosine THYMINE, and guanine

53
Q

Is RNA double or single-stranded?

A

Single-stranded

54
Q

What sugar does RNA have?

A

Ribose sugar

55
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?

A

Adenine, Cytosine, URACIL, and guanine

56
Q

What is the central dogma of biology?

A

DNA–> Transcription –> RNA–> Translation–> Proteins

57
Q

What is transcription?

A

DNA is copied into RNA

58
Q

What is translation?

A

The RNA is used to produce proteins

59
Q

Why is protein synthesis sometimes called gene expression

A

Every gene makes a protein eventually

60
Q

What does complementary base pairing mean?

A

It means that the bases pair up with each other

61
Q

What happens in G1 phase?

A

Cell growth

62
Q

What happens in S phase?

A

DNA replication

63
Q

What happened in G2 phase??

A

Cell growth and preparing for mitosis

64
Q

What is the order of mitosis?

A

PMAT= prophase metaphase anaphase and telophase

65
Q

What happens in prophase?

A

The DNA condenses into proteins and the nucleus disappears

66
Q

What happens in metaphase?

A

The sister chromatids lineup in the middle of the cell

67
Q

What happens in anaphase?

A

Chromosomes get split apart into different sides of the cell

68
Q

What happens in Telophase?

A

The nucleus forms again

69
Q

What happens in cytokinesis?

A

The cell splits

70
Q

Why do cells divide

A

The cell gets too large, and it needs to split also for growth

71
Q

What would happen if there were a disruption in the cycle

A

The cell will continue to go through the cycle making a cancerous cell

72
Q

What is the difference between the daughter cell and the original cells that are produced?

A

They are identical

Bio (6 decks)

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