CB4 Natural Selection and Genetic Modification

Question 1

Describe Evolution

Answer 1

Evolution is a gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time.

Question 2

Evidence for evolution?

Answer 2

Genes, Fossils,

Question 3

What is genetic Variation

Answer 3

The characteristics of an individuals vary in a species

Question 4

What is natural selection

Answer 4

By chance, the variations of some individuals give them a survival advantage. Eg, Antibiotic resistant bacteria

Question 5

What was Carl Linnaues classification?

Answer 5

7 Levels: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
To remember:(King Prawn Curry or Fried Greasy Sausage

Question 6

Carl woeses 3 domain system

Answer 6

1) Archea- Cells with no nucleus, Extremophiles
2) Bacteria- Cells with no nucleus, no unused sections in genes
3) Eukarya- Cells with nucleus

Question 7

What is Selective Breeding(Artificial selection)?

Answer 7

Selective breeding (artificial selection) happens when humans choose animals and crops to breed, based on their genetic characteristics.

Question 8

Dangers of Selective Breeding

Answer 8

Inbreeding- Breeds become particularly harmed by disease or inherited defects.
Eg, French bulldogs having a flat face causes them breathing problems.
Reduced Variation- Makes it harder for species to adapt to environmental change

Question 9

What is genetic engeneering?

Answer 9

Genetic engineering involves modifying (changing) an organism’s genome by introducing a gene from another organism to produce a desired characteristic.

Question 10

Adv/Dis of GE

Answer 10

Adv- Prevent inherited diseases, improves food production efficiency
Disadv- Reduces biodiversity
Perhaps may have long-term effects on health