CB2- Mitosis Flashcards
What is mitosis?
The process of cells dividing to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent.
What happens in an anaphase?
The separated chromosones move away from each other.
What is asexual reproduction?
Producing new organisms from one parent only.
What is a cancer cell?
A cell that divides uncontrollably.
What is a clone?
Offspring from asexual reproduction.
What happens during cytokinesis?
The cytoplasm of the cell is separated as the cell membrane is pinched to divide the cell into two daughter cells.
What is a daughter cell?
New cell produced by cell division.
What happens during interphase?
The cell prepares itself for the process of cell division, DNA replication takes place & the cell makes more of its sub cellular structures.
What happens during metaphase?
The chromosones line up across the middle of the cell.
What happens during prophase?
The nucleus starts to break down and spindle fibres appear.
What happens during telophase?
Chromosones arrive at opposite ends of the cell and the nucleus membrane reforms.
What is a meristem?
A small area of undifferentiated cells in s plant where cells are rapidly dividing by mitosis.
What is the function of a root hair cell?
Absorb water and minerals (large surface area).
What is the function of a xylem cell?
Join with other xylem cells to form long thick walled vessels after they die to carry water and dissolved mineral salts through the plant.
What is rejection?
When the immune system attacks and kills cells and tissue from another person.
What is an axon?
The long extension of a neurone that carries impulse away from the dendrimer towards other neurones.
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The main part of the nervous system- the brain and the spinal cord.
What is neurotransmission?
Impulses passing from neurone to neurone.
What is myelin sheath?
Fatty covering around the axons (speeds up transmission)
What is a dendrite?
A fine extension from a neurone which carries impulses towards the cell body.
What is a dendron?
Large, long extension of a sensory neurone that carries impulses from dendrites towards the axon.
What is an impulse?
Electrical signal transmitted along a neurone.
What does a receptor cell do?
Receives a stimulus and converts it into an electrical impulse to be sent to brain/ spinal cord.
What’s inside a sense organ?
Receptor cells.
What is an effector?
Muscle or gland in the body that performs an action upon receiving an impulse.
What is a motor neurone?
Neurone that carries impulses to effectors.
What is a synapse?
Point at which 2 neurones meet (tiny gap which cannot transmit impulse).
What is a reflex?
Response to a stimulus without processing from brain (automatic).
What is a relay neurone?
Short neurone (in spinal chord and brain) that links sensory motor and other relay neurones.
What is a stimulus?
Change in factor that is detected by receptors.
What is the order of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis.
