Causes Of The Cold War

Question 1

What were the ideologies of the USA?

Answer 1

1. Democracy
2. Free, multi-party elections
3. Capitalist
4. Freedoms
5. Constitution

Question 2

What were the ideologies of Russia?

Answer 2

1. Communism
2. Single party state
3. Property/assets owned by the state
4. Few political rights
5. Millions persecuted

Question 3

When was the Yalta Conference?

Answer 3

February 1945

Question 4

Who were the Big Three at Yalta?

Answer 4

Churchill, FDR and Stalin

Question 5

What was agreed about Germany at Yalta?

Answer 5

1. Disarmed and reparations
2. Divided in principle. Berlin in USSR
3. Council of the four occupiers to rule

Question 6

What was the declaration of Liberated Europe?

Answer 6

1. Freedom to have elections

2. After Red Army had left

Question 7

What else’s was agreed at Yalta?

Answer 7

1. USSR sphere of influence in the West
2. USSR involvement in Japan and promised to give them Manchuria
3. Set up the UN

Question 8

What signs of tension were there at Yalta?

Answer 8

1. Democracy meant different things to FDR and Stalin
2. Didn’t agree on the amount of reparations
3. Stalin wanted to move Poland’s eastern border west. Churchill made FDR back his refusal.

Question 9

Who were the Big Three at Potsdam?

Answer 9

Truman, Atlee and Stalin. France and Germany were also there

Question 10

When was the Potsdam Conference?

Answer 10

July 1945

Question 11

What was agreed about Germany at Potsdam?

Answer 11

1. Finalised its division
2. Total disarmament
3. Nazis banned
4. Germans abroad repatriated

Question 12

What was significant about the reparations?

Answer 12

They would be paid in industrial equipment, Russia would get 10% of everyone’s as their land was mostly agricultural

Question 13

What did Stalin promise and what did he get in return?

Answer 13

He promised to hold free elections in Eastern Europe. Polands eastern border was moved west.

Question 14

What signs of tension were there at Potsdam?

Answer 14

1. Suspicion of Russia (hadn’t left Europe and Poland was pro-communist)
2. Truman was v anti-communist
3. Delayed until after the a-bomb test
4. Disagreement over division of Germany
5. USSR wanted loads of reparations
6. They beat Japan without Russia so did t give Manchuria

Question 15

What was the Iron curtain about?

Answer 15

1. Churchill speech in march 1946 in USA
2. Division of Europe
3. West vs east
4. USSR dominating Europe and denying freedom

Question 16

What was the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 16

1. Developed from Kennan’s Long telegram about containment
2. February 1947 GB withdrew from an anti-communist war in Greece
3. Truman paid $400m in aid and supplies to Greece. Truman said it would start the Domino effect.

Question 17

what was the Marshall Plan?

Answer 17

$17bn invested in preventing the spread of communism in europe

Question 18

what was the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 18

1. June 1948
2. all land access was blocked to West Berlin
3. lasted 318 days
4. ended may 1949

Question 19

what was the Berlin airlift?

Answer 19

1. allies flew in supplies

2. no shots fired but soviet preventative measures.

Question 20

when was NATO formed?

Answer 20

april 1949