Causes of Diarrhoea

Question 1

E.coli 0157: Aetiology

Answer 1

from contaminated meat, person-person - associated with farming.

Low inoculum needed to infect

Question 2

E.coli 0157: PC

Answer 2

Frequent small amounts of bloody diarrhoea, NO FEVER!

TOXIN CAUSES SYMPTOMS

Question 3

E.coli 0157: complication of e.coli infection + how to treat it

Answer 3

HUS - haemolytic-uraemia syndrome. Common in kids + elderly - causes AKI. Tx with IV saline + electrolytes (NOT A/Bs)

Question 4

4 C’s of a/bs to not use to reduce C.diff resistance

Answer 4

Cephalosporins
Co-amoxiclav
Clindamycin
Clarithromycin

Question 5

C.Diff aetio

Answer 5

previous broad spectrum a/bs

Question 6

C.Diff tx

Answer 6

Oral metronidazole

stool transplant

Question 7

Parasites:

Cryptosporidiosis

Answer 7

Water borne
cattle
self limiting

Question 8

Parasites:

Giardia

Answer 8

surface water
asymp cysts
tx: metronidazole

Question 9

Parasites:

Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 9

Mimics US

tx: metronidazole (liver abscess)

Question 10

Rotavirus

Answer 10

children <5yo
faecal-oral transmission
infects mature enterocytes (tips + villous) induces lactose intolerance