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ICAO 5 > CAUSE / CONSEQ. / TO AVOID / SOLUTION > Flashcards

CAUSE / CONSEQ. / TO AVOID / SOLUTION Flashcards

1
Q

CAN CAUSE A BAD WEATHER

A

CAUSE THIS PROBLEM IS USSUALLY CAUSED BY A NATURAL PHENOMENON

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2
Q

CONSEQUENCE BAD WEATHER AFECT FLIGHT SAFETY

A

BAD WEATHER CAN GIVE RISE TO POSSIBLE;

LOSS OF CONTROL
LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESSES
INJURED THE PASSANGERS
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
PANIC ONBOARD
FLIGHT LEVEL
ENROTE FLIGHT TIME
CANCEL FLIGHT
ALTERNATE FLIGHT
FUEL ONBOARD

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3
Q

TO AVOID A BAD WEATHER

A

WE CAN AVOID THIS PROBLEM BY;

  • GOOD FLYGHT PLANNING
  • ANALIZE THE WEATHERN CONDITION AND FORESCATING BEFORE A FLIGHT
  • USING THE WEATHER RADAR CORRECTLY
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4
Q

SOLUTION

A

THE PILOT WOULD REQUEST TO THE ATC VECTOR TO AVOID THE BAD WEATHER

UPLOAD OR UPDATE THE EQUIPMENT

IF NECESSARY CANCEL THE FLIGHT

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5
Q

BAD WEATHER AFFECT ROUTINE

A

TAKEOFF WEIGHT
TAKEOFF SPEEDS
TAKEOFF DISTANCE
FLIGHT LEVEL
ENROTE FLIGHT TIME
CANCEL FLIGHT
ALTERNATE FLIGHT
FUEL ONBOARD

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6
Q

BW - BAD WEATHER

A

ICING
TURBULANCE
VOLCANIC ASH
CLOUD FORMATION
ATMOSPHERA
CLIMATE PHENOMENA
WINDSHEAR
MICROBURST

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7
Q

BEFORE A FLIGHT

A

GATHER - FLIGHT DOCUMENTS
STDY - WEATHER REPORTS AND FORECASTING
READY - NOTAMS
DO A BRIEFING
CHECK THE FLIGHT PANNING
PERFORM PREFLIGHT ISPECTION
PREPARE THE COCKPIT INPUT THE FMS ROUTE AND W&B ALSO TAKE OFF SPEEDS
FILL OUT THE LOGBOOKS

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8
Q

WHAT IS A BRIEFING?

A

PREFLIGHT CONVERSATION
FLIGHT DURATION
ALTERNATIVE
FUEL CONSUPTION
TALK ABOUT THE WEATHER
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
COCKPIT CODE
MEET THE CREW MEMBERS

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9
Q

FOR WHICH REASONS WOULD YOU CANCEL A FLIGHT?

A

I WOULD CANCEL A FLIGHT IN CASE OF

BAD WEATHER
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
NOTAMS ON MY DEPARTURE OR DESTIANTION
PILOT OR PASSANGER A SICK

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10
Q

SD - STRUCTURAL DAMAGE

A

CRACKED WINDSHIELD
TAIL STRIKE
BIRD STRIKE
LIGHTNING STRIKE
LANDING DAMAGE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE

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11
Q

SM - SYSTEM MALFUNCTION

A

SYSTEM PRESSURIZATION
OIL SYSTEM
FUEL SYSTEM
LAND GEAR SYSTEM
BRAKE SYSTEM
EMERGENCY SYSTEM
CONTROL SYSTEM
FLAP SYSTEM
NAVEGATION SYSTEM
RADIO MALFUNCTIONS
COMMUNICATION MALFUNCTION

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12
Q

AIRPLANE PARTS

A

SIZE: SMALL/ MEDIUM / BIG

STRUCTURAL: SIMPLE/MID-SIZED/WIDEBODY/NARROWBODY/REGIONAL/MID-SIZE JET / LIGHT JET / VIP AIRLINER /

ENGINE: SINGLE ENGINE / TWIN ENGINE / MULTI-ENGINE / PROPELLER / JET / TUBOFAN / TURBOPROP

LANDING GEAR: FIXED / RETRACTABLE / TRICYCLE / TAIL DRAGGER OR CONVENTIONAL

TECHNICAL: CRISE SPEED / ALTITUDE / ENDURANCE / RANGE

PURPOSE: RECREATIONAL / FLIGHT TRAINING / PASSANGER AIRCRAFT / AIRLINER / CARGO

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13
Q

LOC - LOSS OF CONTROLS

A

UPDRAFT
DOWDRAFT
MICROBUST - DOWDRAFT A CB

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14
Q

LOC - CAUSES A LOSS OF CONTROLS

A

LOC CAM BE CAUSED BY

POR MAINTENANCE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION
MISHANDLING
SEVERE TURBULANCE
WAKE TURBULANCE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
UNREALIBLE INDICATION
ICE BUILDUP
PANIC ON BOARD

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15
Q

LOC - LOSS OF CONTROL COULD LEAD TO

A

LOC THIS CAN BE A RESULT BY

INJURIES
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
CRASH
DEATHS ONBOARD
PANIC ONBOARD
LEVEL BUST
MID AIR COLLISON (MAC)
NEAR MISS

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16
Q

RECOVERY

A

RECOVERY DEPENDS ON MANY FACTORS SUCH AS

REASON - CAUSED THE PROBLEM

AIRMANSHIP - EXPERIENCE AND SKILLS PILOT

CONDITIONS - HEIGHT AND SPEEDS

WEATHER - LEAVING TURBULENT REGIONS HAVING GOOD GOOD VISIBILITY

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17
Q

WAYS OF PREVENTION RECOVERY

A
  • GOOD FLIGHT PANNING:
    WEATHER ANALYSE
    ROUTE AND ALTERNATE
    FLIGHT LEVEL
    CORRECT W&B
  • HIGH SITUATIONAL ALWARENESS
    COMMUNICATION
    ROUTE CHECK
    CB AVOID / AVOID A BAD WEATHER
    DOGLEG - OFF SER MANEUVER
    CORRECT SPEED

-AIRMANSHIP
GOOD TRAINING
HIGH DECISION
MAKING SKILSS

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18
Q

WX INFORMATION

A

WIND
VISIBILITY
PRECIPITATION
CLOUNDS
PRESSURE
TEMPERATURE AND DEW POINT
TURBULANCE
EXTREME WEATHER

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19
Q

WIND

A

WINDSHEAR - RAPID CHANGE IN WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION

MICROBURST - STRONG DOWNDRAFT FROM A CB

GUST - QUICK, STONG RUSH OF WIND

TAILWIND
CROSSWIND
HEADWIND

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20
Q

VISIBILITY

A

FOG - THICK LAYER OF TINY DROPLETS

MIST - WET PARTICLES / LESS DENSE THAN FOG

HAZE - DRY PARTICLES / SMOKE , DUST, SAND

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21
Q

PRECIPITATION

A

DRIZZLE - LIGHT RAIN

RAIN - FALLEN WATER DROPLETS

HAIL - FROZEN RAIN (ICE PALLETS)

SNOW - SMALL ICE CRYSTAILS

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22
Q

VOLCANIC ASH CAN CAUSE

A

THIS CAN BE RESULT BY

ENGINE FAILURE
DEPRESSURIZATION
REDUCE VISIBILITY
CONTAMINATE RUNWAY
PANIC ONBOARD
ENGINE OVERHEAT
FLIGHT CANCELATION
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
UNREALIABLE INDICATION

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23
Q

SANDSTORM CAN CAUSE

A

CAN BE CAUSED BY

LOW VISIBILITY
TURBULANCE
ENGINE FLAMEOUT
CONTAMINATE RUNWAY
CLOSE AIRSPACE
IN FLIGHT COLISION
FLIGHT CANCELATION
LOSS OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
LOSS OF CONTROLS
AIRFRAME DAMAGE

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24
Q

LIGHT STRIKE

A

LIGHT STRIKE THIS CAN BE RESULT BY

-STRUCTURAL DAMAGE

-ELETRICAL SYSTEM MALFUNCTION; COMMUNICATION FAILURE / SHORT CIRCUT / SYSTEM OVERLOAD

-SCREEN BLACKOUT
-UNREALIABLE INDICATIONS
-NAVIGATION SYSTEM FAILURE
-PANIC ONBOARD

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25
Q

ICE BUILDUP / ICE FORMATION

A

ICE BUILDUP CAN BE CAUSED BY

AFFECT BALANCE (INCREASE THE WEIGHT)
LOSS OF CONTROLS
INCREASE FUEL CONSUPTION
DECREASE THE ENDURANCE
FREEZE THE FUEL
UNREALIABLE AIRSPEED
INCREASE DRAG
CRACKED WINDSHIELD

26
Q

EXAMPLE GENERIC

A

CAN BE CAUSED BY
THIS CAN BE RESULT BY

LOSS OF CONTROLS
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
PANIC ONBOARD
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
LEVEL BUST
CRASH
ENGINE PROBLEMS
UNRIABLE INDICATIONS

27
Q

PREVENTION

A
  • PERFOMING A GOOD FLIGHT PLANING
  • RADING / STUDY / ANALIZE - THE WEATHER REPORT AND FORCAST
  • USING THE WEATHER RADAR CORRECTLY
  • LISTENING TO PILOTS REPORTS
  • MAKING A DOGLEG (DOGLEG - OFF SET MANEUVER)
  • PERFOMING A VISUAL DEVIATION
28
Q

OBLIGATIONS DURING TAXI

A

ALL PILOTS NEED TO

  • KEEP A GOOD SITUATION AWARENESS
  • STUDY THE AIRPORT LAYOUT
  • HAVE A CHARTS
  • MAINTAIN MUST COMMUNICATION
  • USE GOOD SPEED AND SEPARATION
  • MONITOR ENGINE PARAMETERS
  • CHECK THE BAKES
  • READ RUN TAXI CHECKLIST
29
Q

PROBLEM DURING TAXI

A

MANY PROBLEMS CAN BE OCCUR DURING TAXI

A TIRE BLOWOUT
STEERING MALFUNCTION
STEERING PROBLEM
GROUND COLLISON
BIRD INGESTION
RUNWAY INCURSION
TAXIWAY EXCURSION
A BRAKE FAILURE
ENGINE FAILURE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
FOD INGESTION

THOSE ARE SOME EXPAMLE

30
Q

TIRE BLOWOUT

A

A TIRE BLOWOUT CAN BE CAUSED BY

POOR MANTAINNANCE
MATERIAL FATIGE
EXCESS BRAKE
HARD LANDING
OVERHEAT THE SYSTEMS
HIDRAULIC PROBLEM
OVERWEIGHT AIRPLANE
TIRE OVERHEAT

31
Q

STEERING MALFUNCTION / PROBLEM

A

POOR MANTAINNANCE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION
OVERLOAD SYSTEM
MATERIAL FATIGE

32
Q

BIRD INGESTION

A

BIRD INGESTION THIS CAN BE A RESUT BY

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
DAMAGE IN ENGINE
LOSS OF PRESSURIZATION

33
Q

BRAKE FAILURE

A

THIS CAN BE A RESULT BY

POOR MAINTENANNCE
OVERLOAD SYSTEM
MATERIAL FATIGUE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION

34
Q

TAKEOFF PROBLEM

A

WE CAN A HAVE MANY PROBLEMS DURING TAKE OFF FOR EXAMPLE

PILOTS COULD SUFFER
LACK OFF TRUST
BIRD INGESTION
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
TIRE BLOWOUT
WINDSHEAR WARNING
WARNING OPEN DOOR INDICATION
RUNWAY INCURSION

THOSE ARE SOME EXEMPLES

35
Q

RUNWAY EXCURSION

A

STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
GUSTINS WINDS
BRAKE FAILURE
PILOT´S MISTAKES
TIRE BLOWOUT

36
Q

RUNWAY OVERRUN

A

DEEP LANDING
PILOT´S MISTAKES
STRUCTURAL PRLOBLEMS
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
BRAKE FAILURE
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY
UNSTABLE APPROACH
STRONG WING

37
Q

TAIL STRIKE

A

INCORRECT W&B
EARLY ROTATION
CARGO MOVEMENT
EXCESSIVE PICHT
TAIL WIND
INCORRECT SETUP SPEEDS

38
Q

RUNWAY INCURSION

A

MISCOMMUNICATION
POOR VISIBILITY
BAD AIRPORT MARKINGS
LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
LACK OF EXPERIENCE
UNFAMILIARITY WITH THE AIPORT LAYOUT

39
Q

BIRD STRIKE

A

POOR VISIBILITY
FLIGHT AN LOW ALTITUDE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
FLAMEOUT THE ENGINE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE / STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
BIRD INGESTION

40
Q

CRM

A

+ COMMUNICATION
+ TEAMWORK
+ SYNERGY
+ SAFETY

  • POWER DISTANCE
  • MISTAKES
41
Q

EXCESS WORKLOAD

A

-REDUCE SITUATION AWARENESS

-LEVEL BUST

-COLLISON IN FLIGHT OR TERRAIN ALSO GROUND COLLISON

-LOSS OF SEPARATION

-PILOT´S MISTAKES

42
Q

TAKE OFF PROBLEM

A

WE CAN A HAVE MANY PROBLEMS DURING TAKE OFF FOR EXAMPLE;

PILOTS COULD SUFFER
- LACK OFF TRUST
- BIRD INGESTION
- CRACKED WINDSHIELD
- TIRE BLOW OUT
- WIND SHEAR WARNING
- WARNING OPEN DOOR INDICATION
OR EVEN A
- RUNWAY INCURSION
- RUNWAY OVERRUN

I BELIEVE DURING TAKE OFF WE CAN HAVE

43
Q

TAKE OFF SPEEDS

WHATS´S V2?

A

V2 IS THE TAKE OFF SPEEDS IN CASE OF AN ENGINE FAILURE AFTER V1.
V2 IS VERY IMPORTANT, BECAUSE IT PROVIDES A GOOD CLIMB RATE WHILE GIVING US A SAFE MARGIN FROM THE STALL SPEED
THAT´S WHY PILOTS MUST ALWAYS KNOW THEIR CURRENT V2 SPEED

44
Q

HOW DO PILOTS DETERMINE V1,V2 AND THE ROTATION MOMENT?

A

BASED ON MY KNOLEDGE THESE SPEED ARE CALCULATE BEFORE THE FLIGHT AN THEY VARY ACCORDING TO THE RUNWAY´S LENGHT, AIRPLANES WEIGHT WEATHER CONDITIONS, IF THE RUNWAY IS WET OR NOT

SO BASICALLY SPEAKING THE PILOTS HAVE TO COLLECT THE NECESSARY INFORMATION AND CALCULATE THESE SPEEDS BEFORE STARTING THE FLIGHT.

45
Q

WHAT IS LIFTOFF?
WHATS IS VLOV?

A
  • AIRBONE
  • AFTER ROTATION SPEED
  • EXACT MOMENT LANDING GERAR LEAVES THE GROUND
46
Q

CRUISE - OBLIGATIONS / RESPONSIBILITIES

A
  • CONTROL AIRCRAFT
  • SET AUTOPILOT / CONFIGURATRE THE AUTOPILOT
  • MAINTAIN COMMUNICATION
  • DEVIATE BAD WEATHER
  • OVERSEE THE ENGINE PARAMETERS
  • PREPARE DESCEND APPROACH
  • TALK FLIGHT ATENDANTS AND PASSENGER
  • CHECK REMAINING FUEL
  • AIRPLANE IS FOLLOWING THE CORRECT ROUTE
47
Q

DRIFT DOWN -

A

USED - MULTI ENGINE / TWINENGINE
SUFFERS - ENGINE FAILURE
CAN´T SUSTAINS FLIGHT ON THE CURRENT FLIGHT LEVEL
PILOT NEEDS DESCEND TO BETTHER ALTITUDE
DEVIATING OBSTACLES A LONG THE FLIGHT PATH / FLIGHT ROUTE / FLIGHT COURSE

48
Q

AUTO PILOT - SYSTEMS ONBOARDING

A

REDUCE WORKLOAD
CONTROLS ALTITUDE / HEADING / SPEED
MANAGE OTHERS ASPECTS OF THE FLIGHT
MANDATORY IN SOME AIRSPACE

49
Q

RUNWAY EXCURSION

A
  • STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
  • GUSTINS WINDS
  • BRAKE FAILURE
  • PILOT´S MISTAKES
  • TIRE BLOWOUT
  • ENGINE FAILURE
  • CONTAMINATED RWY
50
Q

RUNWAY OVERRUN

A
  • DEEP LANDING
  • PILOT´S MISTAKES
  • STRUCTURAL PROBLEM
  • BRAKE FAILURE
  • CONTAMINATED RWY
  • UNSTABLE APPROACH
  • STRONG TAILWIND
51
Q

RUNWAY INCURSION

A
  • MISCOMMUNICATION
  • POOR VISIBILITY
  • BAD AIRPORT MARKINGS
  • LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
  • UNFAMILIARITY WITH THE AIRPORT LAYOUT
  • LACK OF EXPERIENCE
52
Q

AFTER LANDING

A
  • CONTINUE ROLLOUT
  • VACATE THE RUNWAY
  • WORK AFTER LDG CHECKLIST
  • RUN THE AFTER LDG CHECKLIST
  • TAXI DESIGNATED POSITION
  • PARKING AIRCRAFT
  • PERFORM SHUT SOWN CHECKLIST
    FILL OUT LOGS
53
Q

CALL A DOCTOR

SOME EXAMPLE OF INFLIGHT MEDICAL PROBLEMS ARE

A

HEADACHE
EYEACHE
EARACHE
STOMACHACHE
SORE THROAT
HYPOXIA
PANIC DUE TO FEAR OF FLYING
SEIZURE
HEARD ATTACK
INJURIES
FOOD POISONING
LOW BLOOD PRESSURE
FIRST AID
UNACCOMPANIED MINOR EPILEPTIC SEIZURE

54
Q

SIMULATORS

A

BEST WAY TO PRACTICE EMERGENCIES
ADVANCED SKILLS
ENGINE MANAGEMENT
CONTROL THE AIRPLANE
PERFORMING INTRUMENT PROCEDURES
OPTIMIZE THE WORFLOW
BECOME MORE FAMILIAR WITH AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT
LEARN ABOUT NEW UPDATES
LEARN NEW TECHNOLOGIES
LIKE A DEPRESSURIZATION / FIRE ONBOARD
WE NEED SIMULATOR TO HELP US
IMPROVE THE PILOTS STRENGHTS
GIVING BETTHER FLIGHT ABILITIES

55
Q

WHAT´S THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT PILOTS NEED TO CONSIDER WHEN PLANNING A FLIGHT?

A

THE MAJOR POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING FLIGHT PREPARATION

  • DESTIANTION
  • ROUTE / FLIGHT LEVEL
  • FUEL QTTY
  • WEATHER
  • ALTERNATIVE
  • NOTAMS
56
Q

CONSEQUENCES OF A POOR PLANNING

A

ARE MANY CONSEQUENCES OF A POOR PLANING SUCH AS

A POOR PLANEED FLIGHT CAN RESULT AN ARRAY/SEVERAL/MANY OF PROBLEMS, THIS INCLUDES:

  • AIRSPACE OR REGULATORY INFRINGEMENTS
  • LOW FUEL
  • PORR AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE
  • OVERWEIGHT LANDING
  • MID-AIR COLLISION
  • ENGINE FLAMEOUT OR EVEN A CRASH
57
Q

GO AROUND - Definition

A

A go-around is a reject landing that is a initiated by the flight crew at any point during the final approach when it is determined that a safe landing is not possible.

58
Q

GO AROUND - SAFETY FIRST

A

The primary objective of a go-around is to ensure the safety of the flight.

If an approach becomes unstable or compromised, executing a go around allows the pilot to stable flight profile and avoid potencial accident or incident.

59
Q

GO-AROUND Procedures

A

Apply Power / Apply trust
Increase the pitch
Change the configuration
Follow the missed approach / follow missed profile
Communicate the ATC

60
Q

REASONS TO GO AROUND

A

Runway Incursion
Unstable approach
Bad Weather ( gusting wind / wind shear/ low visibility)
Overspeed
Contaminated the runway
Wildlife strike
Jammed Landing Gear / Problem landing gear / Landing Gear Malfunction
ATC’S request

61
Q

WHAT IS A TAKEOFF?

A

Takeoff happens when an aircraft transitions from the ground to the air.
It means that the aircraft becomes airborne however the landing gear leaves the ground.

62
Q

CALCULATE TAKEOFF

A

Weight and balance
Rwy length - downslope - upslope
Weather conditions
Ryw contaminate - wet

ICAO 5 (4 decks)

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