CAUSE / CONSEQ. / TO AVOID / SOLUTION Flashcards
CAN CAUSE A BAD WEATHER
CAUSE THIS PROBLEM IS USSUALLY CAUSED BY A NATURAL PHENOMENON
CONSEQUENCE BAD WEATHER AFECT FLIGHT SAFETY
BAD WEATHER CAN GIVE RISE TO POSSIBLE;
LOSS OF CONTROL
LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESSES
INJURED THE PASSANGERS
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
PANIC ONBOARD
FLIGHT LEVEL
ENROTE FLIGHT TIME
CANCEL FLIGHT
ALTERNATE FLIGHT
FUEL ONBOARD
TO AVOID A BAD WEATHER
WE CAN AVOID THIS PROBLEM BY;
- GOOD FLYGHT PLANNING
- ANALIZE THE WEATHERN CONDITION AND FORESCATING BEFORE A FLIGHT
- USING THE WEATHER RADAR CORRECTLY
SOLUTION
THE PILOT WOULD REQUEST TO THE ATC VECTOR TO AVOID THE BAD WEATHER
UPLOAD OR UPDATE THE EQUIPMENT
IF NECESSARY CANCEL THE FLIGHT
BAD WEATHER AFFECT ROUTINE
TAKEOFF WEIGHT
TAKEOFF SPEEDS
TAKEOFF DISTANCE
FLIGHT LEVEL
ENROTE FLIGHT TIME
CANCEL FLIGHT
ALTERNATE FLIGHT
FUEL ONBOARD
BW - BAD WEATHER
ICING
TURBULANCE
VOLCANIC ASH
CLOUD FORMATION
ATMOSPHERA
CLIMATE PHENOMENA
WINDSHEAR
MICROBURST
BEFORE A FLIGHT
GATHER - FLIGHT DOCUMENTS
STDY - WEATHER REPORTS AND FORECASTING
READY - NOTAMS
DO A BRIEFING
CHECK THE FLIGHT PANNING
PERFORM PREFLIGHT ISPECTION
PREPARE THE COCKPIT INPUT THE FMS ROUTE AND W&B ALSO TAKE OFF SPEEDS
FILL OUT THE LOGBOOKS
WHAT IS A BRIEFING?
PREFLIGHT CONVERSATION
FLIGHT DURATION
ALTERNATIVE
FUEL CONSUPTION
TALK ABOUT THE WEATHER
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
COCKPIT CODE
MEET THE CREW MEMBERS
FOR WHICH REASONS WOULD YOU CANCEL A FLIGHT?
I WOULD CANCEL A FLIGHT IN CASE OF
BAD WEATHER
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
NOTAMS ON MY DEPARTURE OR DESTIANTION
PILOT OR PASSANGER A SICK
SD - STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
TAIL STRIKE
BIRD STRIKE
LIGHTNING STRIKE
LANDING DAMAGE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
SM - SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
SYSTEM PRESSURIZATION
OIL SYSTEM
FUEL SYSTEM
LAND GEAR SYSTEM
BRAKE SYSTEM
EMERGENCY SYSTEM
CONTROL SYSTEM
FLAP SYSTEM
NAVEGATION SYSTEM
RADIO MALFUNCTIONS
COMMUNICATION MALFUNCTION
AIRPLANE PARTS
SIZE: SMALL/ MEDIUM / BIG
STRUCTURAL: SIMPLE/MID-SIZED/WIDEBODY/NARROWBODY/REGIONAL/MID-SIZE JET / LIGHT JET / VIP AIRLINER /
ENGINE: SINGLE ENGINE / TWIN ENGINE / MULTI-ENGINE / PROPELLER / JET / TUBOFAN / TURBOPROP
LANDING GEAR: FIXED / RETRACTABLE / TRICYCLE / TAIL DRAGGER OR CONVENTIONAL
TECHNICAL: CRISE SPEED / ALTITUDE / ENDURANCE / RANGE
PURPOSE: RECREATIONAL / FLIGHT TRAINING / PASSANGER AIRCRAFT / AIRLINER / CARGO
LOC - LOSS OF CONTROLS
UPDRAFT
DOWDRAFT
MICROBUST - DOWDRAFT A CB
LOC - CAUSES A LOSS OF CONTROLS
LOC CAM BE CAUSED BY
POR MAINTENANCE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION
MISHANDLING
SEVERE TURBULANCE
WAKE TURBULANCE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
UNREALIBLE INDICATION
ICE BUILDUP
PANIC ON BOARD
LOC - LOSS OF CONTROL COULD LEAD TO
LOC THIS CAN BE A RESULT BY
INJURIES
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
CRASH
DEATHS ONBOARD
PANIC ONBOARD
LEVEL BUST
MID AIR COLLISON (MAC)
NEAR MISS
RECOVERY
RECOVERY DEPENDS ON MANY FACTORS SUCH AS
REASON - CAUSED THE PROBLEM
AIRMANSHIP - EXPERIENCE AND SKILLS PILOT
CONDITIONS - HEIGHT AND SPEEDS
WEATHER - LEAVING TURBULENT REGIONS HAVING GOOD GOOD VISIBILITY
WAYS OF PREVENTION RECOVERY
- GOOD FLIGHT PANNING:
WEATHER ANALYSE
ROUTE AND ALTERNATE
FLIGHT LEVEL
CORRECT W&B - HIGH SITUATIONAL ALWARENESS
COMMUNICATION
ROUTE CHECK
CB AVOID / AVOID A BAD WEATHER
DOGLEG - OFF SER MANEUVER
CORRECT SPEED
-AIRMANSHIP
GOOD TRAINING
HIGH DECISION
MAKING SKILSS
WX INFORMATION
WIND
VISIBILITY
PRECIPITATION
CLOUNDS
PRESSURE
TEMPERATURE AND DEW POINT
TURBULANCE
EXTREME WEATHER
WIND
WINDSHEAR - RAPID CHANGE IN WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
MICROBURST - STRONG DOWNDRAFT FROM A CB
GUST - QUICK, STONG RUSH OF WIND
TAILWIND
CROSSWIND
HEADWIND
VISIBILITY
FOG - THICK LAYER OF TINY DROPLETS
MIST - WET PARTICLES / LESS DENSE THAN FOG
HAZE - DRY PARTICLES / SMOKE , DUST, SAND
PRECIPITATION
DRIZZLE - LIGHT RAIN
RAIN - FALLEN WATER DROPLETS
HAIL - FROZEN RAIN (ICE PALLETS)
SNOW - SMALL ICE CRYSTAILS
VOLCANIC ASH CAN CAUSE
THIS CAN BE RESULT BY
ENGINE FAILURE
DEPRESSURIZATION
REDUCE VISIBILITY
CONTAMINATE RUNWAY
PANIC ONBOARD
ENGINE OVERHEAT
FLIGHT CANCELATION
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
UNREALIABLE INDICATION
SANDSTORM CAN CAUSE
CAN BE CAUSED BY
LOW VISIBILITY
TURBULANCE
ENGINE FLAMEOUT
CONTAMINATE RUNWAY
CLOSE AIRSPACE
IN FLIGHT COLISION
FLIGHT CANCELATION
LOSS OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
LOSS OF CONTROLS
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
LIGHT STRIKE
LIGHT STRIKE THIS CAN BE RESULT BY
-STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
-ELETRICAL SYSTEM MALFUNCTION; COMMUNICATION FAILURE / SHORT CIRCUT / SYSTEM OVERLOAD
-SCREEN BLACKOUT
-UNREALIABLE INDICATIONS
-NAVIGATION SYSTEM FAILURE
-PANIC ONBOARD
ICE BUILDUP / ICE FORMATION
ICE BUILDUP CAN BE CAUSED BY
AFFECT BALANCE (INCREASE THE WEIGHT)
LOSS OF CONTROLS
INCREASE FUEL CONSUPTION
DECREASE THE ENDURANCE
FREEZE THE FUEL
UNREALIABLE AIRSPEED
INCREASE DRAG
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
EXAMPLE GENERIC
CAN BE CAUSED BY
THIS CAN BE RESULT BY
LOSS OF CONTROLS
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
PANIC ONBOARD
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
SYSTEM MALFUNCTION
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
LEVEL BUST
CRASH
ENGINE PROBLEMS
UNRIABLE INDICATIONS
PREVENTION
- PERFOMING A GOOD FLIGHT PLANING
- RADING / STUDY / ANALIZE - THE WEATHER REPORT AND FORCAST
- USING THE WEATHER RADAR CORRECTLY
- LISTENING TO PILOTS REPORTS
- MAKING A DOGLEG (DOGLEG - OFF SET MANEUVER)
- PERFOMING A VISUAL DEVIATION
OBLIGATIONS DURING TAXI
ALL PILOTS NEED TO
- KEEP A GOOD SITUATION AWARENESS
- STUDY THE AIRPORT LAYOUT
- HAVE A CHARTS
- MAINTAIN MUST COMMUNICATION
- USE GOOD SPEED AND SEPARATION
- MONITOR ENGINE PARAMETERS
- CHECK THE BAKES
- READ RUN TAXI CHECKLIST
PROBLEM DURING TAXI
MANY PROBLEMS CAN BE OCCUR DURING TAXI
A TIRE BLOWOUT
STEERING MALFUNCTION
STEERING PROBLEM
GROUND COLLISON
BIRD INGESTION
RUNWAY INCURSION
TAXIWAY EXCURSION
A BRAKE FAILURE
ENGINE FAILURE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
FOD INGESTION
THOSE ARE SOME EXPAMLE
TIRE BLOWOUT
A TIRE BLOWOUT CAN BE CAUSED BY
POOR MANTAINNANCE
MATERIAL FATIGE
EXCESS BRAKE
HARD LANDING
OVERHEAT THE SYSTEMS
HIDRAULIC PROBLEM
OVERWEIGHT AIRPLANE
TIRE OVERHEAT
STEERING MALFUNCTION / PROBLEM
POOR MANTAINNANCE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION
OVERLOAD SYSTEM
MATERIAL FATIGE
BIRD INGESTION
BIRD INGESTION THIS CAN BE A RESUT BY
STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
DAMAGE IN ENGINE
LOSS OF PRESSURIZATION
BRAKE FAILURE
THIS CAN BE A RESULT BY
POOR MAINTENANNCE
OVERLOAD SYSTEM
MATERIAL FATIGUE
HYDRAULIC MALFUNCTION
TAKEOFF PROBLEM
WE CAN A HAVE MANY PROBLEMS DURING TAKE OFF FOR EXAMPLE
PILOTS COULD SUFFER
LACK OFF TRUST
BIRD INGESTION
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
TIRE BLOWOUT
WINDSHEAR WARNING
WARNING OPEN DOOR INDICATION
RUNWAY INCURSION
THOSE ARE SOME EXEMPLES
RUNWAY EXCURSION
STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
GUSTINS WINDS
BRAKE FAILURE
PILOT´S MISTAKES
TIRE BLOWOUT
RUNWAY OVERRUN
DEEP LANDING
PILOT´S MISTAKES
STRUCTURAL PRLOBLEMS
AIRFRAME DAMAGE
BRAKE FAILURE
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY
UNSTABLE APPROACH
STRONG WING
TAIL STRIKE
INCORRECT W&B
EARLY ROTATION
CARGO MOVEMENT
EXCESSIVE PICHT
TAIL WIND
INCORRECT SETUP SPEEDS
RUNWAY INCURSION
MISCOMMUNICATION
POOR VISIBILITY
BAD AIRPORT MARKINGS
LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
LACK OF EXPERIENCE
UNFAMILIARITY WITH THE AIPORT LAYOUT
BIRD STRIKE
POOR VISIBILITY
FLIGHT AN LOW ALTITUDE
CRACKED WINDSHIELD
FLAMEOUT THE ENGINE
AIRFRAME DAMAGE / STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
BIRD INGESTION
CRM
+ COMMUNICATION
+ TEAMWORK
+ SYNERGY
+ SAFETY
- POWER DISTANCE
- MISTAKES
EXCESS WORKLOAD
-REDUCE SITUATION AWARENESS
-LEVEL BUST
-COLLISON IN FLIGHT OR TERRAIN ALSO GROUND COLLISON
-LOSS OF SEPARATION
-PILOT´S MISTAKES
TAKE OFF PROBLEM
WE CAN A HAVE MANY PROBLEMS DURING TAKE OFF FOR EXAMPLE;
PILOTS COULD SUFFER
- LACK OFF TRUST
- BIRD INGESTION
- CRACKED WINDSHIELD
- TIRE BLOW OUT
- WIND SHEAR WARNING
- WARNING OPEN DOOR INDICATION
OR EVEN A
- RUNWAY INCURSION
- RUNWAY OVERRUN
I BELIEVE DURING TAKE OFF WE CAN HAVE
TAKE OFF SPEEDS
WHATS´S V2?
V2 IS THE TAKE OFF SPEEDS IN CASE OF AN ENGINE FAILURE AFTER V1.
V2 IS VERY IMPORTANT, BECAUSE IT PROVIDES A GOOD CLIMB RATE WHILE GIVING US A SAFE MARGIN FROM THE STALL SPEED
THAT´S WHY PILOTS MUST ALWAYS KNOW THEIR CURRENT V2 SPEED
HOW DO PILOTS DETERMINE V1,V2 AND THE ROTATION MOMENT?
BASED ON MY KNOLEDGE THESE SPEED ARE CALCULATE BEFORE THE FLIGHT AN THEY VARY ACCORDING TO THE RUNWAY´S LENGHT, AIRPLANES WEIGHT WEATHER CONDITIONS, IF THE RUNWAY IS WET OR NOT
SO BASICALLY SPEAKING THE PILOTS HAVE TO COLLECT THE NECESSARY INFORMATION AND CALCULATE THESE SPEEDS BEFORE STARTING THE FLIGHT.
WHAT IS LIFTOFF?
WHATS IS VLOV?
- AIRBONE
- AFTER ROTATION SPEED
- EXACT MOMENT LANDING GERAR LEAVES THE GROUND
CRUISE - OBLIGATIONS / RESPONSIBILITIES
- CONTROL AIRCRAFT
- SET AUTOPILOT / CONFIGURATRE THE AUTOPILOT
- MAINTAIN COMMUNICATION
- DEVIATE BAD WEATHER
- OVERSEE THE ENGINE PARAMETERS
- PREPARE DESCEND APPROACH
- TALK FLIGHT ATENDANTS AND PASSENGER
- CHECK REMAINING FUEL
- AIRPLANE IS FOLLOWING THE CORRECT ROUTE
DRIFT DOWN -
USED - MULTI ENGINE / TWINENGINE
SUFFERS - ENGINE FAILURE
CAN´T SUSTAINS FLIGHT ON THE CURRENT FLIGHT LEVEL
PILOT NEEDS DESCEND TO BETTHER ALTITUDE
DEVIATING OBSTACLES A LONG THE FLIGHT PATH / FLIGHT ROUTE / FLIGHT COURSE
AUTO PILOT - SYSTEMS ONBOARDING
REDUCE WORKLOAD
CONTROLS ALTITUDE / HEADING / SPEED
MANAGE OTHERS ASPECTS OF THE FLIGHT
MANDATORY IN SOME AIRSPACE
RUNWAY EXCURSION
- STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
- GUSTINS WINDS
- BRAKE FAILURE
- PILOT´S MISTAKES
- TIRE BLOWOUT
- ENGINE FAILURE
- CONTAMINATED RWY
RUNWAY OVERRUN
- DEEP LANDING
- PILOT´S MISTAKES
- STRUCTURAL PROBLEM
- BRAKE FAILURE
- CONTAMINATED RWY
- UNSTABLE APPROACH
- STRONG TAILWIND
RUNWAY INCURSION
- MISCOMMUNICATION
- POOR VISIBILITY
- BAD AIRPORT MARKINGS
- LACK OF SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
- UNFAMILIARITY WITH THE AIRPORT LAYOUT
- LACK OF EXPERIENCE
AFTER LANDING
- CONTINUE ROLLOUT
- VACATE THE RUNWAY
- WORK AFTER LDG CHECKLIST
- RUN THE AFTER LDG CHECKLIST
- TAXI DESIGNATED POSITION
- PARKING AIRCRAFT
- PERFORM SHUT SOWN CHECKLIST
FILL OUT LOGS
CALL A DOCTOR
SOME EXAMPLE OF INFLIGHT MEDICAL PROBLEMS ARE
HEADACHE
EYEACHE
EARACHE
STOMACHACHE
SORE THROAT
HYPOXIA
PANIC DUE TO FEAR OF FLYING
SEIZURE
HEARD ATTACK
INJURIES
FOOD POISONING
LOW BLOOD PRESSURE
FIRST AID
UNACCOMPANIED MINOR EPILEPTIC SEIZURE
SIMULATORS
BEST WAY TO PRACTICE EMERGENCIES
ADVANCED SKILLS
ENGINE MANAGEMENT
CONTROL THE AIRPLANE
PERFORMING INTRUMENT PROCEDURES
OPTIMIZE THE WORFLOW
BECOME MORE FAMILIAR WITH AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT
LEARN ABOUT NEW UPDATES
LEARN NEW TECHNOLOGIES
LIKE A DEPRESSURIZATION / FIRE ONBOARD
WE NEED SIMULATOR TO HELP US
IMPROVE THE PILOTS STRENGHTS
GIVING BETTHER FLIGHT ABILITIES
WHAT´S THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT PILOTS NEED TO CONSIDER WHEN PLANNING A FLIGHT?
THE MAJOR POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED DURING FLIGHT PREPARATION
- DESTIANTION
- ROUTE / FLIGHT LEVEL
- FUEL QTTY
- WEATHER
- ALTERNATIVE
- NOTAMS
CONSEQUENCES OF A POOR PLANNING
ARE MANY CONSEQUENCES OF A POOR PLANING SUCH AS
A POOR PLANEED FLIGHT CAN RESULT AN ARRAY/SEVERAL/MANY OF PROBLEMS, THIS INCLUDES:
- AIRSPACE OR REGULATORY INFRINGEMENTS
- LOW FUEL
- PORR AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE
- OVERWEIGHT LANDING
- MID-AIR COLLISION
- ENGINE FLAMEOUT OR EVEN A CRASH
GO AROUND - Definition
A go-around is a reject landing that is a initiated by the flight crew at any point during the final approach when it is determined that a safe landing is not possible.
GO AROUND - SAFETY FIRST
The primary objective of a go-around is to ensure the safety of the flight.
If an approach becomes unstable or compromised, executing a go around allows the pilot to stable flight profile and avoid potencial accident or incident.
GO-AROUND Procedures
Apply Power / Apply trust
Increase the pitch
Change the configuration
Follow the missed approach / follow missed profile
Communicate the ATC
REASONS TO GO AROUND
Runway Incursion
Unstable approach
Bad Weather ( gusting wind / wind shear/ low visibility)
Overspeed
Contaminated the runway
Wildlife strike
Jammed Landing Gear / Problem landing gear / Landing Gear Malfunction
ATC’S request
WHAT IS A TAKEOFF?
Takeoff happens when an aircraft transitions from the ground to the air.
It means that the aircraft becomes airborne however the landing gear leaves the ground.
CALCULATE TAKEOFF
Weight and balance
Rwy length - downslope - upslope
Weather conditions
Ryw contaminate - wet
