Causative agents Flashcards
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1
Q
A
2
Q
What is the causative agent of Tuberculosis?
A
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
3
Q
What is the causative agent of Leprosy?
A
Mycobacterium leprae
4
Q
What is the causative agent of Pneumonia?
A
Streptococcus pneumoniae
5
Q
What is the causative agent of Cholera?
A
Vibrio cholerae
6
Q
What is the causative agent of Typhoid fever?
A
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi)
7
Q
What is the causative agent of Diphtheria?
A
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
8
Q
What is the causative agent of Syphilis?
A
Treponema pallidum
9
Q
What is the causative agent of Gonorrhea?
A
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
10
Q
What is the causative agent of Chancroid?
A
Haemophilus ducreyi
11
Q
What is the causative agent of Bacterial vaginosis?
A
Gardnerella vaginalis
12
Q
What is the causative agent of Granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis)?
A
Klebsiella granulomatis
13
Q
What is the causative agent of Lyme disease?
A
Borrelia burgdorferi
14
Q
What is the causative agent of Whooping cough (Pertussis)?
A
Bordetella pertussis
15
Q
What bacterium causes Tetanus?
A
Clostridium tetani
16
Q
What bacterium causes Botulism?
A
Clostridium botulinum
17
Q
What bacterium causes Plague?
A
Yersinia pestis
18
Q
What bacterium causes Strep throat?
A
Streptococcus pyogenes
19
Q
What bacterium causes Legionnaires’ disease?
A
Legionella pneumophila
20
Q
What bacterium causes Meningitis?
A
Neisseria meningitidis
21
Q
What bacterium causes Anthrax?
A
Bacillus anthracis
22
Q
What bacterium causes Listeriosis?
A
Listeria monocytogenes
23
Q
What bacterium causes Scarlet fever?
A
Streptococcus pyogenes
24
Q
What bacterium causes Brucellosis?
A
Brucella species (e.g., B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis)
25
What bacterium causes Typhus?
Rickettsia prowazekii
26
What bacterium causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
Rickettsia rickettsii
27
What bacterium causes Gas gangrene?
Clostridium perfringens
28
What bacterium causes Shigellosis?
Shigella species (e.g., S. sonnei, S. flexneri, S. dysenteriae)
29
What bacterium causes Campylobacteriosis?
Campylobacter jejuni
30
What bacterium causes Rheumatic fever?
Streptococcus pyogenes
31
What bacterium causes Cat scratch disease?
Bartonella henselae
32
What bacterium causes Tularemia?
Francisella tularensis
33
What bacterium causes Trachoma?
Chlamydia trachomatis
34
What bacterium causes Leptospirosis?
Leptospira species
35
What bacterium causes Cellulitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes
36
What bacterium causes Impetigo?
Staphylococcus aureus
37
What bacterium causes Erysipelas?
Streptococcus pyogenes
38
What bacterium causes Clostridial myonecrosis?
Clostridium perfringens
39
What bacterium causes Necrotizing fasciitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus), Clostridium species
40
What bacterium causes Pseudomembranous colitis?
Clostridioides difficile
41
What bacterium causes Ornithosis (psittacosis)?
Chlamydia psittaci
42
What bacterium causes Lymphogranuloma venereum?
Chlamydia trachomatis
43
What bacterium causes Primary atypical bacterial pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
44
What is Candidiasis?
An infection caused by Candida species (e.g., Candida albicans).
45
What is Aspergillosis?
An infection caused by Aspergillus species (e.g., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus).
46
What is Histoplasmosis?
An infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
47
What is Cryptococcosis?
An infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii.
48
What is Blastomycosis?
An infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis.
49
What is Coccidioidomycosis?
An infection caused by Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii.
50
What is Tinea infection / Dermatophytosis?
An infection caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton species.
51
What is Sporotrichosis?
An infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii.
52
What is Chromoblastomycosis?
Dematiaceous (pigmented) fungi such as Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Cladophialophora carrionii.
53
What is Mycetoma?
Fungi like Madurella species (eumycetoma) or bacteria like Nocardia and Actinomadura species (actinomycetoma).
54
What is Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis)?
Fungi of the order Mucorales, such as Rhizopus, Mucor, and Rhizomucor species.
55
What is Paracoccidioidomycosis?
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Paracoccidioides lutzii.
56
What is Pityriasis versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)?
Malassezia species (e.g., Malassezia globosa, Malassezia furfur).
57
What are common parasitic protozoal diseases?
Causative Agent/s.
58
What causes Malaria?
Plasmodium species (e.g., Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium knowlesi).
59
What causes Amoebiasis (Amebic Dysentery)?
Entamoeba histolytica.
60
What causes Giardiasis?
Giardia lamblia.
61
What causes Toxoplasmosis?
Toxoplasma gondii.
62
What causes Trichomoniasis?
Trichomonas vaginalis.
63
What causes African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)?
Trypanosoma brucei.
64
What causes American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)?
Trypanosoma cruzi.
65
What causes Leishmaniasis?
Leishmania species (e.g., Leishmania donovani for visceral leishmaniasis, Leishmania tropica for cutaneous leishmaniasis).
66
What causes Balantidiasis?
Balantidium coli.
67
What causes Cryptosporidiosis?
Cryptosporidium species (e.g., Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium hominis).
68
What causes Cyclosporiasis?
Cyclospora cayetanensis.
69
What causes Babesiosis?
Babesia species (e.g., Babesia microti).
70
What causes Acanthamoeba Keratitis?
Acanthamoeba species.
71
What causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)?
Naegleria fowleri.
72
What causes Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis)?
Leishmania donovani.
73
What causes Schistosomiasis?
Bilharzia
74
What is Clonorchiasis caused by?
Clonorchis sinensis
75
What is Opisthorchiasis caused by?
Opisthorchis viverrini and Opisthorchis felineus
76
What is the scientific name for the lung fluke?
Paragonimus westermani
77
What is Fasciolopsiasis caused by?
Fasciolopsis buski
78
Fascioliasis (Liver Fluke Disease)
Fasciola hepatica (common liver fluke) and Fasciola gigantica
79
Cysticercosis
Taenia solium (pork tapeworm, larval stage)
80
Hydatid Cyst Disease
Echinococcus granulosus
81
Beef Tapeworm Infection
Taenia saginata (adult stage)
82
Broad Fish Tapeworm Infection
Diphyllobothrium latum (also known as the fish tapeworm)
83
Hymenolepiasis
Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) and Hymenolepis diminuta
84
Echinococcosis
Echinococcus granulosus (cystic echinococcosis)
85
What is Ascariasis?
Ascariasis is caused by the parasite Ascaris lumbricoides.
86
What causes Old World Hookworm Disease?
Old World Hookworm Disease is caused by Ancylostoma duodenale.
87
What causes New World Hookworm Disease?
New World Hookworm Disease is caused by Necator americanus.
88
What is Trichinosis?
Trichinosis is caused by the parasite Trichinella spiralis.
89
What is Trichuriasis?
Trichuriasis is caused by Trichuris trichiura.
90
What causes Strongyloidiasis?
Strongyloidiasis is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis.
91
What is Filariasis?
Filariasis, specifically Lymphatic Filariasis, is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori.
92
What is Onchocerciasis?
Onchocerciasis, also known as River Blindness, is caused by Onchocerca volvulus.
93
What is Enterobiasis?
Enterobiasis, or Pinworm Infection, is caused by Enterobius vermicularis.
94
What is Toxocariasis?
Toxocariasis is caused by Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) and Toxocara cati (cat roundworm).
95
What is Dracunculiasis?
Dracunculiasis is caused by Dracunculus medinensis.
96
What causes Loiasis?
Loiasis is caused by Loa loa.
97
What is Anisakiasis?
Anisakiasis is caused by Anisakis species and Pseudoterranova species, typically from consumption of raw or undercooked fish.
98
What is Intestinal Capillariasis?
Intestinal Capillariasis is caused by Capillaria philippinensis.
99
What is HIV?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
## Footnote
HIV attacks the immune system.
100
What is COVID-19?
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
## Footnote
COVID-19 is caused by this virus.
101
What viruses are associated with Viral Hepatitis?
Hepatitis A virus (HAV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Hepatitis D virus (HDV), Hepatitis E virus (HEV)
## Footnote
These viruses affect the liver.
102
What viruses cause Influenza (Flu)?
Influenza virus A, B, and C
## Footnote
Influenza viruses are responsible for seasonal flu outbreaks.
103
What causes Chickenpox?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
## Footnote
Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease.
104
What causes Shingles?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV, reactivated)
## Footnote
Shingles occurs when VZV reactivates after lying dormant.
105
What virus causes Smallpox?
Variola virus
106
What virus causes Measles?
Measles virus (Morbillivirus)
107
What virus causes Mumps?
Mumps virus (Rubulavirus)
108
What virus is known as German Measles?
Rubella virus
109
What virus causes Polio?
Poliovirus
110
What virus causes Dengue Fever?
Dengue virus (DENV, four serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4)
111
What virus causes Zika Virus Infection?
Zika virus
112
What virus causes Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever?
Ebola virus species (e.g., Zaire ebolavirus)
113
What virus causes Yellow Fever?
Yellow fever virus
114
What virus causes Rabies?
Rabies virus (Lyssavirus)
115
What viruses are commonly associated with the Common Cold?
Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses, and others
116
What virus causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)?
Hantaviruses (e.g., Sin Nombre virus)
117
What virus causes Norovirus Infection?
Norovirus (a type of Calicivirus)
118
What viruses are known to cause Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)?
Influenza A viruses (e.g., H5N1, H7N9)
119
What viruses cause Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus 71
120
What virus causes Molluscum Contagiosum?
Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV, a poxvirus)
121
What virus causes Chikungunya Fever?
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
122
What virus causes Parvovirus B19?
Parvovirus B19 (causes Fifth Disease or Erythema infectiosum)
123
What virus causes Genital Warts?
Human papillomavirus (HPV, primarily types 6 and 11)
124
What virus causes Genital Herpes?
Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2)
125
What virus causes Infectious Mononucleosis?
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
126
What causes Scabies?
Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis (a parasitic mite)
127
What causes Pediculosis?
Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) and Pediculus humanus corporis (body lice)
128
What causes Pubic Lice?
Pthirus pubis (a type of louse)
129
What causes Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD)?
Prions (misfolded infectious proteins)
