cattle and pig husbandry exam 2

Question 1

what are the three major contaminants of water sources

Answer 1

blue green algae
sulfur
fecal contamination

Question 2

what is the best way to store hay

Answer 2

up off the ground and covered

Question 3

how much moisture is in haylage compared to dry hay

Answer 3

40-65% vs 12%

haylage has less overall loss

Question 4

what plant makes straw vs hay

Answer 4

straw is grain
hay is grass

Question 5

when do we want to harvest hay

Answer 5

before the seed head

Question 6

what is the appropriate % of NaCl in mineral for cattle

Answer 6

18-24% if it is a trace mineral salt it is not mineral.

Question 7

what do dairy cows eat

Answer 7

TMR

Question 8

what is the best evaluation of the cows nutritional status

Answer 8

BCS

Question 9

what is the goal of the beef cow

Answer 9

produce a weaned calf every year

Question 10

how many days does the beef cow have to get pregnant

Answer 10

82 days. but its more like 60 bc pp anestrus

Question 11

how long do you turn the bull out

Answer 11

for three cycles (65d)

Question 12

what is the goal when breeding beef cows

Answer 12

have 2/3 breed in the first heat cycle

Question 13

what is the goal of the dairy cow

Answer 13

produce milk

Question 14

what is the calving interval in the dairy?

in the beef?

Answer 14

dairy: 13.5 mo
beef 12 mo

Question 15

what is the goal of a US dairy farm? how do they do it

Answer 15

produce the same amount of milk everyday.
so we have to breed year round to keep enough in milk

Question 16

how do we manage calves in beef vs dairy

Answer 16

beef get one yearly crop
dairy get small groups throughout the year

Question 17

what is the average amount of pigs per litter? how many litters a year

Answer 17

11.5, 2.2/year

Question 18

what is the temp range where most older pigs like to be

Answer 18

60-75

Question 19

why are there slats in the floor

Answer 19

allow manure to pass to the pits. decrease parasites and increase hygiene

Question 20

how many gallons are nursery pigs drinking

Answer 20

little less than 1 gallon.

Question 21

what is the ideal BCS of a pig

Answer 21

3/5

Question 22

how much feed is maintenance for a pig

Answer 22

6lb per pig per day

Question 23

what is a NPD for a pig

Answer 23

any time a female is not pregnant or nursing

Question 24

what are the three factors affecting NPD

Answer 24

preservice interval
postservice interval
removal interval

Question 25

what is the sow cull rate

Answer 25

<40%. but around 30% is the real goal

Question 26

prefarrowing prep

Answer 26

move to crate 5-7 days before farrowing
bathe