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History - Elizabethan Age (1558 - 1603) > Catholic Threat > Flashcards

Catholic Threat Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Mary Queen of Scots to Elizabeth?

A

Her cousin

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2
Q

Who was Mary Queen of Scots parents?

A

James v of Scotland and Mary Guise

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3
Q

What did Catholic’s believe about Mary Queen of Scots?

A

They believed she was the legitimate heir to the English throne as they didn’t recognise any of Henry’s marriages (and children) after Catherine of Aragon/Mary I as legitimate

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4
Q

Why was Mary Queen of Scots a problem for Elizabeth?
CHAPS

A

Catholic - she was a catholic and gave English catholics hope/encouragement to plot against Elizabeth
Heir - she had the strongest claim to throne and if Elizabeth died without children - she would turn English Catholic
Abroad - Spain and France could use Mary to cause trouble and overthrow Elizabeth
Parliament- don’t trust Mary and believe she killed her own husband and was active in plots against Elizabeth
Scotland - currently Protestant and Elizabeth had opportunity to build good relations with them - if she sent Mary back to Scotland may cause civil war

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5
Q

What happened on Feb 9th 1567?

A

Her second husband Lord Darnley’s house was blown up and his body was found strangled

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6
Q

Who was accused of Darnley’s murder?

A

Bothwell

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7
Q

What happened 3 months after Darnley’s death?

A

Mary married Bothwell

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8
Q

What happened to Mary after she married Bothwell?

A

Protestant lords rebelled against her and imprisoned her in Loch Leven and she was forced to abdicate

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9
Q

When did Mary QoS enter England?

A

In 1568 after she had escaped Loch Leven

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10
Q

What did Elizabeth do to Mary ?

A

Decided to keep her hostage

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11
Q

When was the Rebellion of the Northern Earls

A

1569

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12
Q

Who was involved in the Rebellion of the Northern Earls?

A

4600 catholic
Earl of Northumberland
Earl of Westmorland

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13
Q

What was the aim of the Rebellion of the Northern Earls?

A

Raise an army
Free Mary QoS
Overthrow Elizabeth
Put Mary QoS on the throne and marry her to the Duke of Norfolk

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14
Q

Was the Rebellion of the northern Earls a success?

A

No it was a failure
The army only reached Durham
Earls both fled once they heard an army was coming
Northumberland was caught weeks later and beheaded
Westmorland died in poverty
Elizabeth hung 800 catholic rebels

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15
Q

What was the excommunication of Elizabeth?

A

Pope Pius released the Papal Bull which released catholic is from their oath of allegiance so they could plot against her - all loyal catholic called to remove her from the throne

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16
Q

What did the Pope Pius call Elizabeth?

A

Servant of wickedness

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17
Q

What did the excommunication inspire the Ridolfi plot?

A

It was a direct result of the excommunication

18
Q

What was issued in 1571?

A

Treason Act - now treasonable to declare Elizabeth not the lawful queen, and introduce a Papal Bull

19
Q

What was the aim of the Ridolfi plot?

A

Replace Elizabeth with Mary QoS
Use English catholic support and marry Mary QoS to the Duke or Norfolk

20
Q

What happened to the Ridolfi plot before it started?

A

It was discovered by William Cecil and Francis Walsingham

21
Q

Results of the Ridolfi plot?

A

Duke of Norfolk was beheaded for treason
Ridolfi and de sales were expelled
Elizabeth refused to kill Mary QoS

22
Q

When was the Throckmorton plot ?

A

1583

23
Q

Who organised the plot?

A

A Jesuit named Francis Throckmorton

24
Q

How was the Throckmorton plot discovered?

A

Walsingham discovered code word 40 - which was an undercover agent who was tortured and revealed plotters

25
Q

What was the aim of the Throckmorton plot?

A

Free Mary QoS and put her on the throne

26
Q

Who was involved in the Throckmorton plot?

A

Catholic Army
Spanish and Papal Monet
De Mendoza
Duke of Guise

27
Q

What happened at the end of the Throckmorton plot!

A

Duke of Guise executed
De Mendoza expelled
Mary QoS moved to Titbury
Treason Act passed
Law of Association passed

28
Q

When was the Babington Plot?

A

1586

29
Q

What was the aim of the Babington Plot?

A

Find and free Mary QoS
Assassinate Elizabeth

30
Q

What did Walsingham find out ?

A

Babington and 6 plotters were going to try and overthrow Elizabeth
Babington tortured for info - revealed 6 plotter/those who were going to murder Elizabeth

31
Q

How does Walsingham catch out Mary?

A

Walsingham catches Mary in trap by sending coded letter (in Cipher) pretending to be Babington
Mary replied in coded message - ‘set the six men to work” this proved Mary’s direct involvement

32
Q

What happened after the Babington plot?

A

Mary was put on trail for treason and execute on 8th of Feb 1587 a year later

33
Q

Who was Edmund Campion

A
  • swore an oath of supremacy in 1960
  • after impressing Elizabeth at a debate in Oxford earning patronage
  • secretly joined jesuits and preached to wealthy catholic families
  • arrested and tortured in the Tower of London
  • he humiliated Elizabeth and disregarded her trust
    HUNG DRAWN AND QUARTERED
34
Q

Who were jesuits?

A

Belonged to the ‘society of Jesus’ and aimed to destroy Protestantism
Arrived in England disguised in 1580
Swore an oath of loyalty to the Pope = threat to national security

35
Q

What happened to recusancy in 1581?

A

Fine increased to £20

36
Q

In 1581 what became a treasonable offence?

A

Attempting to convert people to catholics

37
Q

What did Allen do in 1568 in Douai?

A

He trained catholic/seminary priests in college

38
Q

Once trained what did seminary priests do?

A

Return to England to reestablish catholicism

39
Q

How many seminary priests were sent to England to restore Catholicism?

A

438

40
Q

What happened in 1585?

A

All seminary priests and jesuits were ordered to leave the country or be put to death

41
Q

How many seminary priests and jesuits were sentenced to death in 1585?

A

98

42
Q

What did the government introduce in 1593?

A

Banned large gatherings of catholics
Any known catholic priests were confined to a 5 mile radius of their own home

History - Elizabethan Age (1558 - 1603) (7 decks)

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