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R.E > Catholic Practices > Flashcards

Catholic Practices Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sacrament?

A

“An outward sign of an inward gift, instituted by Christ, in order to give grace to a human body”

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2
Q

Sacrament of Baptism

A

Welcoming people into the RC Church. Washing away of original sin.

Brings grace (God’s love) to the soul and links the soul to God

Water washes away sin, candle to represent light of Jesus, oil represents being chosen by God

Washing away sin is a symbol of God’s forgiveness

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3
Q

Sacrament of Confirmation

A

Renews the promises made in baptism to be a good Catholic.

Increases (builds on) the grace within a person. Strengthens their faith as a mature, responsible Catholic.

Bishop lays hands – symbolises the Holy Spirit which provides the individual with ‘gifts’

God is present in the Holy Spirit

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4
Q

Sacrament of Holy Communion

A

Allows an individual to eat the body and drink the blood of Jesus

Brings the individual close to Jesus. Catholics receive spiritual strength from God.

Bread and wine turn into the body and blood of Jesus. This is consumed during mass.

God is present through the bread and wine.

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5
Q

Sacrament of Reconciliation

A

Individual confesses to God their sins and ask for forgiveness

Removes sin from an individual and restores the grace that has been lost because of sin.

Strengthens the individual to not be tempted to sin again.

Little symbolism involved. Words of absolution are spoken by the priest.

Through the offer of mercy, forgiveness, and advice given to the individual.

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6
Q

Sacrament of Marriage

A

Uniting a man and woman together for life.

This ceremony provides them with God’s grace and strength – to overcome challenges within their marriage

Vows (promises) symbolises the work of Christ who joins them together in the unbreakable bond of marriage. Rings symbolises God’s unending love.

God is present through the couple’s lifelong live and commitment to each other.

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7
Q

Sacrament of Holy Orders

A

Man becomes a priest and cares for the souls of people placed in his care

Gives him the grace to fulfil his role and carry out responsibilities. It makes him the presence of Christ for his community.

Laying of hands – calls Holy Spirit to make the man ready for his role. Priest has his hands anointed with oil – sign he can make people holy through sacraments

Priests and bishops are God’s way of showing that he is present

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8
Q

Sacrament of Anointing of the sick

A

A way to prepare or/and strengthen a sick or dying individual

Gives strength in illness, comfort in suffering and prepare the individual to meet death

Laying of hands on sick person, prayers said over them – calling down Holy Spirit to them. Anointing with oil which has been blessed by the bishop – symbolises healing and cleansing,

These symbols show that God is present throughout a person’s life, including illness, weakness and even death. Shows God can be trusted at all times.

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9
Q

Why sacraments make it easier to be a good Christian

A

Through sacraments Christians can receive God’s grace (blessings)

Sacraments can help Christians to become stronger in their faith

Sacraments can help Christians get closer to God

Being baptised means you are following Jesus’ example

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10
Q

Why sacraments make it easier to be a good Christian

A

Just because you take sacraments does not mean you are a good person e.g….

Following the commandments are ways to be a good Christian

It is not enough just to take the sacraments. Being charitable and kind to others makes you a good Christian.

Reading the Bible or prayer is an easier way to be a good Christian.

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11
Q

Why sacraments do not make it easier to be a Christian

A

Just because you take sacraments does not mean you are a good person e.g….

Following the commandments are ways to be a good Christian

It is not enough just to take the sacraments. Being charitable and kind to others makes you a good Christian.

Reading the Bible or prayer is an easier way to be a good Christian.

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12
Q

Greeting - parts of mass

A

We all make the sign of the Cross as the priest says ‘In the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit’.

It reminds us that we are all one community. We have all come together as equals to praise God.

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13
Q

Penitential Rite - parts of mass

A

Before we begin the Mass we need to confess to God that we need his forgiveness. We start by saying ‘I confess to Almighty God…’

It is important because we admit that we have sinned through our own fault.

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14
Q

Old Testament Reading - parts of mass

A

This reminds us that God has always been with us and the Jewish people were all waiting for a Messiah, Jesus.

It reminds us that God has loved Mankind for thousands of years and has helped us in many different ways.

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15
Q

New Testament - parts of mass

A

We listen to some readings about the early Church and we hear a Gospel reading about Jesus. We know it is a Gospel because the priest says ’This is the Word of the Lord’.

We get to hear about Jesus and can learn more about what He wants from us.

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16
Q

The Nicene Creed

A

Everyone stands and we read out loud our beliefs ‘We believe…’

The creed reminds us that we all one community who have the same set of beliefs.

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17
Q

Prayers for people - parts of mass

A

This is where we pray for different things. We often respond to each prayer with ‘Lord graciously hear us’.

We are part of a Universal Church and it is important we all pray for each other.

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18
Q

Offertory - parts of mass

A

This is when a plate is passed round and we place a donation on it. Then it is taken to the front with the bread and wine and given to the priest.

As one we offer gifts to God.

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19
Q

The Eucharistic Prayer - parts of mass

A

The Priest says ‘The Lord be with you’ and we reply ‘and also with you’. The priest will then say a prayer and then we proclaim the mystery of faith ‘Christ has died, Christ is Risen, Christ will come again’.

Arguably the most important part of the Mass, this is when the priest calls down the Holy Spirit to change the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ (Transubstantiation)

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20
Q

Our Father - parts of mass

A

We stand and together and as one say the prayer that Jesus taught us. The priest (who represents Jesus) begins saying ‘Our Father’ and we all join in.

Jesus taught us this prayer and it reminds us of some of His key teachings e.g. forgive our sins as we forgive those who trespass against us.

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21
Q

Sign of peace - parts of mass

A

The priest wishes us the peace of Christ and we turn to people around us and shake their hand saying ‘peace be with you.’

This is to symbolically show that we have no issue with anyone around us. We are not angry or upset with someone and are fit to receive the Eucharist.

22
Q

The communion - parts of mass

A

The congregation will form a line to receive the Eucharist from the priest and/or extraordinary minister. When they receive the Eucharist the priest will say ‘The body of Christ’ and we would reply ‘Amen.’

Here we are really receiving the Body and Blood of Christ. It is food that nourishes our spirit and helps to bring us closer to God.

23
Q

Final Blessing - parts of mass

A

We all stand and the priest gives a final blessing which often ends with ‘Go in peace to love and to serve the Lord’ to which we respond ‘Thanks be to God’.

It reminds us that being a Catholic is not just going to Mass once a week, but actively doing what Jesus wants us to do every day of the week.

24
Q

Church of England and Catholicism divergent beliefs in liturgical worship

A

Believe that liturgical worship allows worshippers to think about the words and develop a greater understanding. Familiar rituals that do not change help them to feel closer to God.

Catholics believe in TRANSUBSTANTIATION. The belief that during the mass, the priest calls down the Holy Spirit to turn the bread and wine into the body and blood of Jesus. It doesn’t change shape, but Jesus is present inside the bread and wine.

25
Q

Non-conformist Christians

A

Believe that non-liturgical worship comes from people’s hearts and can be adapted to meet people’s individual needs

26
Q

Why is mass important for Catholics?

A
  • The Eucharist is a sacrament which allows a Catholic to receive God’s undeserved love and grace. It helps them to live good lives and grow closer to God. This can be achieved when they eat the bread and wine after consecration (made holy).
  • The mass is a celebration of the death and resurrection of Jesus. This reminds Catholics that there is life after death and if they worship God and follow his commandments they will join God in heaven.
  • Catholics believe that when they are in mass, they are in the presence of Jesus. By eating the body and blood of Jesus, they are joined with Jesus and therefore are closer to God. This increases their chance of salvation (being saved from sin)
  • Jesus asked his disciples at the Last Supper that whenever they gather and eat bread and drink wine, they should remember the sacrifice that he was about to make. He commanded his disciples to “do this in memory of me”. This means that Catholics should go to mass because Jesus told us to do so and it allows them to be thankful to God for the sacrifice he made.
27
Q

Three types of funeral celebrations for Catholics

A

The Vigil of the Deceased - can be in the home or in church

The main funeral liturgy - in church

The Rite of Commital and Commendation - in the cemetery or crematorium

28
Q

What is vigil of the deceased?

A
  • can be known as ‘wake’ or ‘the Reception of the body’
  • the day before the funeral, the deceased are often laid out in a coffin to be visited by family and friends
  • gives the family their first sight of the coffin and allows them with it ahead of the funeral
  • often mourned with a rosary
29
Q

Main funeral liturgy

A
  • the Catholic church urges Catholics to have a funeral mass (Requiem mass) as it contains the Holy Communion
  • this means they will celebrate the life and death of Jesus alongside the person who is dead, to show the dead person as a willing Catholic
30
Q

The Rite of Commital and Commendation

A
  • celebrated at the grave, tomb or crematorium of the dead body
  • reminds people that death is not the end of life but the beginning of a new relationship with God as Catholics believe they are still Catholic after death
31
Q

Why is the funeral rite important for Catholics?

A
  • Reminds them of the catholic belief in ressurection and eternal life into Heaven
  • assures family and friends of the decease that they will meet again and that the person who has passed is still part of the Catholic community
  • gives family and friends the chance to celebrate the deceased’s life
32
Q

Different types of prayer

A

Adoration - to show deep love and respect to God
Contemplation - prayer through meditation. being able to experience God through meditative prayer.
Penitential prayer - asking God for forgiveness
Praise - giving praise, may involve hymns
Thanksgiving - saying thank you to God for all that he has provided
Petition - asking for something

33
Q

Can prayers be spontaneous?

A

Yes
- set prayers are usually said in liturgical worship
- spontaneous prayers are made up on the spot. they come from the heart and some say are more meaningful

33
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A
34
Q

Why do Catholics pray?

A
  • Prayers of adoration can help Catholics to get things into perspective. Gives them a chance to step aside from the pressures of daily life and focusing on God.
  • Prayers of thanksgiving help a Catholic to not be selfish, to realise they depend on others and not to take things for granted.
  • Prayers of confession stop a person from bottling up feelings of guilt. This can help them come to terms with what they have done and accept the consequences that come with it. They can then learn from their mistakes and improve their lives.
  • Prayers of supplication/petition can help a person to feel they are doing something for those who suffer if only by praying, not can also inspire them to do something practical to help those who are less fortunate than themselves.
35
Q

Why is prayer important?

A
  • Helps build a stronger relationship with God
  • Jesus said that Christians should pray
  • Contemplative prayer can bring inner peace
  • Prayer life can help someone to have a healthy emotional life
36
Q

Types of popular piety - the rosary

A
  • The rosary is a form of prayer named after the string of beads used to count prayers.
  • The Rosary is thought to look like a crown of roses surrounding a crucifix.
  • The prayers that make up the Rosary are arranged in sets called decades. One decade is:
    One Lord’s Prayer
    Ten Hail Marys
    One Glory Be
    Catholics will say these prayers for each bead they hold.
37
Q

Types of popular piety - Stations of the Cross

A
  • The Stations of the Cross is a series of images showing Jesus Christ on the day of his crucifixion.
  • Often, a series of fourteen images will be arranged in number order around a church.
  • Worshippers travel from image to image, in order, and pray at each station (or stand in silence) to reflect on what happened to Jesus during the most important time in his life- his death and resurrection.
38
Q

Types of popular piety - Eucharistic adoration

A
  • Eucharistic adoration is adoration focussed on the Blessed Sacrament.
    -It may be performed both when the Eucharist is exposed for viewing and when it is not.
  • Catholics can pray quietly before the tabernacle where the hosts are reserved whenever the church is open.
  • The Eucharist is displayed in a monstrance typically placed on the altar, sometimes with a light on it or candles around it.
  • Many Catholics perform Eucharistic adoration for an uninterrupted hour called Holy Hour when they keep watch on Christ for an hour.
39
Q

Why is the rosary used?

A
  • It provides a structured, calm time of prayer and meditation
  • It gives opportunity to remember the main events in Jesus’ life through the mysteries of the Rosary
  • It gives opportunity to remember the life and work of the Virgin Mary
  • It bring the blessing of Mary’s special protection from evil and heresy, and great graces such as being delivered from purgatory swiftly
40
Q

Why are the Stations of the cross used?

A
  • They give Catholics the chance to identify with Jesus’ pain and suffering
  • They give Catholics a chance to pray through the journey of Jesus to the cross.
  • They give Catholics a chance to give thanks for what Jesus did for them
  • They give Catholics a chance to remember the cost of salvation which Jesus brings them
41
Q

Why are the stations of the cross used?

A
  • Pope John Paul II showed its importance by spending many hours in Eucharistic adoration
  • He said that it provides worshippers to get in touch with the presence of Christ
  • The Blessed Sacrament is the ‘Living Heart’ of each of its churches
42
Q

What do other Christians say about popular piety?

A

Rosary - Mary is human and should not be prayed to

Stations of the Cross - Most Protestants do not follow the Stations of the Cross because some of them are not based on the Bible.
- They think there is an element of idolatry (“Do not worship false idols” 10 Commandments)

Eucharistic adoration - They do not practise Eucharistic adoration because they do not believe in transubstantiation (that the bread and wine turn into the body and blood of Jesus).
- They are symbols and not the Real presence of Christ

43
Q

Why do Christians go on pilgrimages?

A
  • To get closer to God
  • Increase or strengthen their faith
  • To show God that they are sorry (penance)
  • To ask for forgiveness
  • To be cured from an illness
  • To gain inner strength
  • To add discipline to their spiritual life
44
Q

Places Christians can go to pilgrimage

A

Jerusalem - many christians want to retrace Jesus’ footsteps by going to Jerusalem where they can visit the Garden of Gethsemane

Rome - in the city contains the Vatican City which is the headquarters of the Catholic church and the residence of the Pope where you can visit the four famous basilicas it has

Lourdes - Today, millions of Catholic pilgrims come to Lourdes for:
A miracle – they go to the grotto and collect/drink/wash in the water
For forgiveness of sins – The Basilica of the Immaculate Conception is built on top of the grotto
Eucharistic Procession every afternoon – Catholics will walk together before celebrating the Eucharist
The Rosary Procession – every evening Catholic will walk together to the Grotto for a service. They will pray the rosary here.

45
Q

Divergent beliefs of pilgrimage

A

Some Christians believe pilgrimage is a waste of time. They would argue that:
- You can feel closer to God anywhere e.g. at home, at church
- Money spent on a pilgrimage is a waste when it could go to some good use e.g. charities
- Making a pilgrimage doesn’t make you a better Christian. Supporting the less fortunate and following God’s commandments makes you a better Christian.
- It is wrong to worship and pray to Mary – she is just a human. Breaks the commandment of worshipping false idols
- Some Christians reject the authority of the Pope. They don’t believe that the Pope has special authority from God to teach Christians so going a pilgrimage there would be a waste of time.
- Completing the sacraments are more important e.g. baptism
Worshipping God through the mass is more important

46
Q

What is new evangelism?

A
  • New evangelism is trying to convert people who have already heard about Christianity which (due to the influences of social media and the internet) is almost the whole world
  • Pope Francis says that a relationship with Jesus Christ in the Church is a cause of such joy that it causes people to go out on a mission to evangelise others. Today, Catholics will try to do their bit to evangelise. They can do this individually (on their own) or as part of a community of Catholics.
47
Q

Locally, Globally, nationally

Induvidual evangelisation

A

Locally -
- evangelise by their choice of career – such as a doctor, teacher, carer, police officer, firefighter
- spread the Gospel through local oral or written communication
- marriage and family life

Nationally -
- Attend national events to share or learn about their faith.
- may speak at or attend national events that connect their career with their faith
- may attend national workshops and conferences

Globally -
- Attend global gatherings to share and learn about their faith, e.g. the 2015 World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia, USA.
- write for or use new global media
- Live out their vocation in an international context, e.g. academics or pastoral workers who speak at international gatherings.

48
Q

Catholic Church evangelisation

A

Locally -
-This basic message of God’s love is passed on by the Church through the whole life of the parish e.g. : celebration of the Mass, sharing the sacraments, Bible study, charitable work, social events, parish retreats, outreach events, etc.
- The parish can engage with other Christian churches, faith communities, social workers, and agencies to show the Church’s work for justice, social cohesion, and the common good
- Local diocesan newspapers such as The Voice in Lancaster, helps people learn more about their faith.

Nationally -
- The Bishops’ Conference of a country helps Catholics to know and share the Gospel
National initiatives such as ‘Proclaim ’15: building missionary parishes’ can support and encourage parish evangelisation.
- National Catholic publications such as The Catholic Times and The Tablet are used by the Church to help evangelize people.

Globally -
- proclaims the Gospel to the whole world through the Pope (e.g. on World Youth Day); TV (e.g. EWTN, Salt and Light), radio (e.g. Vatican Radio, Word on Fire), and other modern media (YouTube, the internet, Word on Fire.).
- The Church lives out the Gospel in the work of international charities such as CAFOD

49
Q

Why is mission and evangelist work important for Catholics?

A
  • Great Commission of Jesus “make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father, and the Son and the Holy Spirit”
  • Evangelism shows love for our neighbours
  • Helps to share God’s love with those outside the faith
  • Decline in religion (in 1993, 1.28 Catholics attended mass where as in 2010, only 0.88 million Catholics attended mass.
50
Q
A

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