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GCSE RE Flashcards > Catholic Christianity: INCARNATION > Flashcards

Catholic Christianity: INCARNATION Flashcards

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1
Q

What is incarnation?

A

The Christian belief that God came to Earth in human form - as Jesus

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2
Q

What is Grace?

A

Another word for God’s love which is available to all

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3
Q

Explain Son of God

A

Christians believe that Jesus is fully human and fully God. Therefore Jesus described himself as the “Son of God” to emphasise his divine side.

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4
Q

Explain Son of Man

A

Christians believe that Jesus is fully human and fully God. Therefore Jesus described himself as the “Son of God” to emphasise his Human side.

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5
Q

What is the ICHTHUS?

A

A Christian symbol in the shape of a fish. Means “Jesus Christ Son of God Saviour”

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6
Q

What is the Alpha and Omega?

A

Alpha is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, and Omega is the last. Shows that God is eternal and involved in everything from beginning to end.

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7
Q

What is the Chi Rho?

A

A symbol with the 2 first letters of the word Christ in Greek laid on top of each other (X and P). A reminder that through his death, Jesus saved humanity

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8
Q

What are Beatitudes?

A

A list of 8 attitudes which Jesus blesses in God’s eyes. The first part of the Sermon on the Mount

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9
Q

What is a Sacrament?

A

A moment of grace - a moment when God’s love is poured into an individual. It is an outward sign of inward grace

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10
Q

Explain The Word of God

A
  • Jesus is referred to as the “The Word of God” throughout a passage in the Gospel of John
  • This is because God expresses himself through Jesus. Therefore humans get to know God through Jesus
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11
Q

State a quote confirming that Jesus is the Word of God?

A

“In the beginning there was the Word and the Word was with God, and the Word was God…” - John 1:1-4

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12
Q

What does the quote, “In the beginning there was the Word and the Word was with God, and the Word was God…” - confirm?

A
  • The verse confirms that Jesus is The Word of God and has always existed, but took on human nature to live on Earth as Jesus.
  • The Word came to Earth to guide people closer to God, and to teach them how to share in his love
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13
Q

State a quote that emphasises Jesus as his human side

A
  • “Jesus began to teach that the the Son of Man must undergo great suffering” - Mark 8:31
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14
Q

What does the quote “Jesus began to teach that the the Son of Man must undergo great suffering” show?

A

That Jesus lived a complete human life filled with human experiences and emotions

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15
Q

What is a danger of focusing on Jesus’ humanity too much?

A

A danger is that you could have the tendency to slip into a heresy that Jesus was not actually God - instead just a very good person. Jesus’ human and divine side should be focused on equally.

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16
Q

State a quote that emphasises Jesus as his Divine side

A
  • “are you the messiah. The son of God, the blessed one?” And he replied “I am”
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17
Q

What does the quote “are you the messiah. The son of God, the blessed one?” And he replied “I am” “ show?

A

That God is eternal. This means that Jesus could not become God after his death. So the resurrection proves that Jesus was always God, but whilst on earth he limited himself to the human condition

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18
Q

What is a danger of focusing on Jesus’ divinity too much?

A

A danger is that you could have the tendency to slip into a heresy that Jesus only appeared to be human - that he was actually just god in disguise.

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19
Q

What is Luke’s account of the incarnation?

A

Focuses of Mary’s role within incarnation. Gabriel tells Mary she will be mother of the Son of God. Mary is given the choice to say no (free will).

20
Q

What is Matthew’s account on the incarnation?

A

Focuses on Joseph’s role, Joseph wants to break up as Mary’s pregnant prior to their marriage. Angel visits Joseph in his dreams, says it’s right for him to marry Mary, child is of Holy Spirit. Angel confirms that Jesus is being sent by God.

21
Q

What are the similarities between Luke and Matthew’s accounts?

A
  • Mary was a virgin
  • An angel announced Jesus’ birth
  • Jesus was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit
  • God worked through humans to bring out his plan for humanity
22
Q

What are the differences between Luke and Matthew’s accounts?

A
  • Luke’s account focuses on Mary’s role in the incarnation whereas Matthews account focuses on Joseph’s role in the Incarnation
  • Gabriel appears in person to Mary but in a dream to Joseph
23
Q

What are two quotes that St Irenaeus taught?

A
  • Jesus is “The meeting point between God and Humanity”

- “The glory of God is a human being, fully alive”

24
Q

What does the quote Jesus is “The meeting point between God and Humanity” show?

A

That God is transcendent. However Christians get to know what God is like through Jesus, this is because he is the Son of God, he displays qualities of God. This means that Christians can develop a better understanding of God’s nature through examining the life and actions of Jesus.`

25
Q

What does the quote “The glory of God is a human being, fully alive” show?

A

That Jesus was the perfect human being, he always followed God’s wishes and perfectly displayed all the qualities that God wants people to have. Because of this Jesus is “fully alive” and the “glory of god”, setting an example for all Christians to follow. By following Jesus’ teachings and becoming more open to God, all people can become more “fully alive” to share in God’s glory.

26
Q

State 2 Beatitudes

A
  • Blessed are the meek, they will inherit the earth

- Blessed are the pure in heart, they will see God

27
Q

Explain what the Beatitudes are

A

In the Old Testament the law mainly focused on people’s actions, whereas Jesus focused on peoples attitudes. If people start with the right attitude then they will do the right thing

28
Q

Explain the Parable of the sheep and the goat

A

A story in the bible in which Jesus tells his followers that in serving and caring for other people, they are serving God.

29
Q

State quote from the parable of the lost sheep:

A

“I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave be something to drink…. I was sick and you took care of me.”

30
Q

What does “Christ the Redeemer” the statue show?

A
  • Outstretched arms a reminder of the cross on which Jesus accepted death - a symbol of Jesus’ love and obedience to God the father
  • Outstretched arms show Jesus takes in love from all people, no one is excluded form the love of God
31
Q

What does “The Sacred Heart” statue show?

A
  • Flames coming from heart are a symbol of Jesus’ burning love for all people
  • A piercing through the heart shoes how Jesus suffered to save mankind
  • Jesus is wearing a crown of thorns in many sacred heart statues, indicating how Jesus suffered and was mocked by soldiers when he was at his crucifixion
32
Q

What does the crucifix show?

A
  • A reminder of the pain and suffering Jesus has to go through, showing how much Jesus loves us
  • A reminder to be willing to be obedient to God the Father
33
Q

Arguments FOR religious art:

A
  • Religious Art, such as statues, can help us concentrate on Jesus’ qualities and become inspired by them
  • Jesus was fully human - visible and tangible - like the statues and images
  • Statue and artwork give people something to focus on while they pray
  • Jesus can be shown as any ethnicity in art, reminding Christians that all people can be saved by his death and resurrection
34
Q

Arguments AGAINST religious art:

A
  • It is not possible to portray God accurately as we are using limited human means
  • Art can mislead people about what Jesus looked like
  • When praying in front of statue/image, people may believe that the stature itself is being worshipped. This is against the second commandment “Do not worship false idols”
  • Jesus was fully human - not stone or wood - so the proper way to honour the Incarnation is to serve others
35
Q

What are Catholic Views on Abortion?

A
  • All life comes from God and humans are “made in the image of God” therefore all life is holy
  • Catholics believe life begins at Conception and that the whole person is present
36
Q

What is “proof” that Catholics believe life starts at Conception?

A

After the annunciation, Mary visited her cousin, Elizabeth, who is pregnant. When Mary greets Elizabeth, Elizabeth is filled “with the holy spirit”. She and her unborn baby both react to the full presence of Jesus.

37
Q

What are contrasting Views on Abortion?

A

Many people in contemporary society believe that abortion is perfectly legal and fine. This is because:

  • The mother may not mentally or physically be able to cope with a child
  • The child may not have a good quality of life
  • Legally life only begins at 24 weeks in the UK, not at conception
38
Q

What are the 7 Sacraments?

A
  • Baptism
  • Eucharist
  • Confirmation
  • Reconciliation
  • Marriage
  • Sacrament of the Sick
  • Ordination
39
Q

What’s the action and effect of Baptism?

A

When a person becomes a member of the church, water poured on their head (symbolising original sin being washed away). The person becomes a child of God

40
Q

What’s the action and effect of confirmation?

A

A person chooses to confirm that they’re a member of the Church. Forehead anointed with oil. The persons faith is strengthened. Power of the holy spirit renewed.

41
Q

What’s the action and effect of the Eucharist?

A

When a person receives the Body and Blood (bread and wine) of Christ. Happens regularly during every mass. The person receives the life of Christ. Helps them to keep growing in God’s love.

42
Q

What’s the action and effect of marriage?

A

When a man and a women give their consent to be married. Usually would only happen once. The couple accept through their love for each other, God is active in their lives.

43
Q

What’s the action and effect of ordination?

A

When a person becomes a priest, bishop or deacon. Happens through the laying on of hands and anointing of hands with chrism: a symbolic passing on of the Holy Spirit’s power. Only happens once. Person commits himself to God + Church, given powers such as preaching, forgiving sins and consecrating mass.

44
Q

What’s the effect and action of reconciliation?

A

When a person confesses their sins to a priest and are forgiven. Can happen regularly. Persons relationship with God is restored.

45
Q

Action and effect of sacrament of the sick?

A

When a person that’s very ill is anointed with oil. Can happen more than once. Gives strength to the person and also forgives their sin.

46
Q

What do the Sacraments do?

A
  • Make God present for all time, fulfilling God’s promise “I will be with you always, until the end of the age”

GCSE RE Flashcards (8 decks)

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