categorisation

Question 1

aquiring categories 5 steps

Answer 1

1.form a structural description of the entity
2. search for category representation that is similar to the structural description
3. select the most similar category representation
4.draw inferences about the entity
5. store information about the category

Question 2

classical model of categorization

Answer 2

-concepts have definitional structure (necessary and sufficient conditions)
-category=abstract containers with things either inside or outside
-every instance of a category fit in the category equally well
-criteria are binary (A, non-A)

Question 3

implications of classical model

Answer 3

-the mind is separate from the body
-there is a correct way of understanding what is or not true
-all people have the same conceptual system

Question 4

prototype categorization

Answer 4

-best example of the category
-combines typical characteristics
-representative for the category
-frequent exposure: culturally dependent

Question 5

exemplar model

Answer 5

most categories are not represented by stable abstract prototypes but by flexible and temporary mental representations produced by individuals in context

Question 6

sources for categories and prototypes

Answer 6

ICM, radial categories, metonymic models, women, fire and dangerous things

Question 7

ICM types

Answer 7

-propositional icm= simple elem and the connections between them
-image-schematic icm=image-schemas that describe different concepts based on the location of the object, its shape, trajectory of movement, etc.
-metaphoric mappings occur while transfer some items from one area to another, for example, when life is
considered as a path.
-metonymic mappings apply when one concept replaces
the other (ex: social stereotyping)

Question 8

radial categories

Answer 8

-less central subcategories are understood as variants of more central categories (=cluster of converging cognitive models, ex birth model)
ex: central: mother, noncentral: surrogate mother, adoptive model