Castor Oil Emulsion Flashcards
Materials of castor oil emulsion
acacia
purified water
castor oil
a dispersion in which the dispersed phase is composed of small globules of a liquid distributed throughout a vehicle in which it is immiscible
Emulsion
internal phase
dispersed phase
external phase
dispersion medium
Emulsions with an oleaginous internal phase and an
aqueous external phase
O/W emulsions
Emulsions having an aqueous internal phase and an
oleaginous external phase
W/O emulsions
Third phase intended for stabilization
Emulsifying agent
Energy input for emulsions
mechanical agitation, ultrasonic vibration, or heat
Ranging diameter of dispersed particles
0.1 to 100 um
4:2:1 method (4 parts by volume of oil, 2 parts of water
and 1 part of gum)
Continental or Dry Gum Method
Continental Method steps
o/w emulsifier is triturated with the oil in a completely dry mortar (rough inner surface)
add two parts of water all at once
triturate continuously until the primary emulsion is creamy white and produces a crackling sound
4:2:1 (4 parts by volume of oil, 2 parts of water and 1
part of gum)
English or Wet Gum method
Emulsifying agent is triturated with 2 parts of water
à oil is added in portions and triturated
English or Wet gum wmethod
useful for the extemporaneous preparation of emulsions from volatile oils or oleaginous substances of low viscosities (not suited for viscous oils - not agitated)
Bottle or Forbes Bottle Methods
Steps for bottle or forbes bottle method
In a dry bottle, emulsifying agent and two parts of oil are added
mixture is thoroughly shaken
water is added in portions and shaken after every addition
Passing prepared emulsions (by wet or dry gum
method) through a hand homogenizer.
The pumping action of the handle forces the
emulsion through a very small orifice that reduces
the globules of the internal phase to about 5 μm
and sometimes less.
Auxiliary Method
Employed when synthetic or non-gum emulsifiers are used
Beaker method
Beaker Method
All oil soluble components are dissolved in the oily
phase in one beaker and all water soluble
components are dissolved in the water in a
separate beaker
Beaker Method after dissolving components respectively.
heat over water bath
add internal to external phase
soaps developed in situ soap method
calcium soaps and soft soaps
w/o emulsions that contain certain vegetable oils, such as oleic acid, in combination with
limewater
Calcium Soaps
Prepared by mixing equal volumes of oil and limewater
Situ Soap
Emulsifying agent in situ soap
Calcium salts
contains hydrophilic portion and hydrophobic portion
emulsifying agent
categorization of emulsifying agents are based on
HLB
HLB of w/o emulsions
3 - 6
HLB of o/w emulsion
8 - 18
reduces interfacial tension between oil and water phase
emulsifying agent
use of castor oil
stimulant laxative
synonyms of castor oil
ricinus communis
responsible for laxative action in small intestine
ricinoleic acid
Why is castor emulsion not recommended for simple constipation?
Violent purgation
