Case Studies

Question 1

Give date of Nepal earthquake

Answer 1

Nepal earthquake

Date- 25th April 2015 12.21pm

Question 2

Give magnitude of Nepal earthquake

Answer 2

Magnitude- 7.9 Richter scale

Question 3

Give name of plate boundary and type of margin of the Nepal earthquake

Answer 3

Plates- Indian and Eurasian

Type of margin- destructive

Question 4

Depth of focus of the Nepal earthquake

Answer 4

15km

Question 5

Epic centre location of Nepal earthquake

Answer 5

Epic centre location- between capital of Kathmandu and city of pokhara

Question 6

Nepal earthquake

Primary effects

Answer 6

9000 people died
5000 schools destroyed
Big after shock an hour later
Communication lines cut off

Question 7

Nepal earthquake

Secondary effects

Answer 7

Disease was spread in the crowded camps
Avalanche on Mount Everest
1.1 millions children were deprived of a normal childhood

Question 8

Nepal earthquake

Immediate responses

Answer 8

Sniffer dogs
Heat seeking equipment
Rescue teams such as Oxfam and Christian aid
Temporary hospitals

Question 9

Nepal earthquake

Long term responses

Answer 9

Reconstruction of road Lukla
Rebuilding schools and hospitals
ADB gave $200 million for first phase of rehabilitation

Question 10

New Zealand earthquake

Date

Answer 10

22nd February 2011 at 12.51pm

Question 11

New Zealand earthquake

Magnitude

Answer 11

6.3 Richter scale

Question 12

New Zealand earthquake

Plate boundary and type of margin

Answer 12

Australian and Pacific plates

And destructive and conservative plate margin

Question 13

New Zealand earthquake

Depth of focus

Answer 13

5km

Question 14

New Zealand earthquake

Epicentre location

Answer 14

Epicentre location - 10km away from Christchurch

Question 15

New Zealand earthquake

Primary effects

Answer 15

181 killed
Roads and bridges damaged
100s of km of water pipes damaged

Question 16

New Zealand earthquake

Secondary effects

Answer 16

In a 6 story building a Canterbury tv collapsed and caught on fire
Cars and buses damaged by falling debry
Christ church air port closed
Schools has to share classrooms

Question 17

New Zealand earthquake

Immediate responses

Answer 17

Chemical toilets provided for 30,000 residents
Vulnerable people were cared for
International aid workers
International aid paid $6-7 million to help

Question 18

New Zealand earthquake

Long term response

Answer 18

Temporary housing
Water and sewerage was restored for all residents by august
Paid $900 million in building claims
80% roads repaired

Question 19

Christ church bay cliff collapse effects on local economy

Answer 19

Tourism is a big business here as resort areas surround it e.g. Barton on sea. The collapsing cliffs are a major issue. E.g. In 2007 holiday beach huts had to be evacuated as the cliffs were in a danger of collapsing

Question 20

Barton on sea location

Answer 20

Centrally in the south coast of England, Hampshire

Question 21

Barton on sea rate of erosion each year

Answer 21

2m a year

Question 22

Medmerry location

Answer 22

Area to the west of selsey (West Sussex) south England

Question 23

What was the issue with medmerry

Answer 23

It was the area most at risk for flooding due to climate change in south east England. A shingle ridge was the only protection for the sea and beach re profiling took place every winter with a cost of £200,000.
The area has experienced £5 million of damage

Question 24

What strategies were used to protect and save the surrounding area
Medmerry -selsey

Answer 24

Building a new embankment
Behind embankment a channel was built along its whole length to collect draining water
Rock armour
A 110m bank to allow sea to flood the land to create a new intertidal area
Coastal realignment- managed retreat and marsh creation

Question 25

When and where was Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 25

November 2013 in Philippines

Question 26

Primary school effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 26

6500 people killed 90 % of city Talcoban destroyed 600,000 people displaced Airport terminal damaged

Question 27

Secondary effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 27

14 million people effected 6 million people lost their source of income Some areas had no electricity for over a month

Question 28

Short term responses for Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 28

International governments and agencies rsponded with food water and shelter Over 1200 evacuation centres set up U.K. Government sent shelter kits US air craft carrier george Washington and its helicopters took part in a search and rescue mission

Question 29

Long term responses Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 29

Rebuilding and reconstruction Thousands of new homes build away form areas at risk of coastal flooding Cash for work programmes- people were paid to help clear debris and rebuild the city of Tacloban Aid agencies - oxfam replaced fishing boats - vital source of income

Question 30

What category was Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 30

Category 5 storm on Simpson scale

Question 31

What did waves and winds reach in Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 31

Winds - 275kph | Waves-15 m

Question 32

Where needs coastal management

Answer 32

Bournemouth- successful seaside tourism destination. However it's at real risk of falling into the sea without management

Question 33

What coastal management schemes have been put in place for Bournemouth

Answer 33

``` £50 million programme Replaces existing 43 groynes Construct an additional 3 new groynes Replace "the long groyne" Schedule beach replenishment to take place every 5 years ```

Question 34

Give example of long profile of river

Answer 34

River Tees in north east England

Question 35

Which way does river tees flow

Answer 35

East ward

Question 36

Give length and area of river tees

Answer 36

85 miles in length | Drains an area of 710 square miles

Question 37

Give river management facts of river tees

Answer 37

Long history of flash flooding Cow green reservoir, controls water supply for industries along the river Straighten the river for easier navigation during the industrial revolution Floood protection schemes in Yarn

Question 38

Describe upper course of river Tees

Answer 38

Source high in the Pennines (893m above sea level) High run off as steep V shaped valleys of impermeable rock High rainfall- good water supply- many tributaries High force waterfall- tallest in England (21 metres high) Gorges, Rapids and potholes at low force

Question 39

Describe Middle course of river Tees

Answer 39

Clear, widening and meandering Meanders cut off in 19th century Sides become less steep Lateral erosion

Question 40

Describe lower course of river Tees

Answer 40

Very urbanised and large populations Eg- yarn Important wildlife seals and migratory birds Ok bow lakes Large oil, gas and petrochemical industries (as flat land) Natural levees formed due to silt build up Mouth is in the North Sea Wide mudflat and Tees estuary (tidal) Huge water sports complex Tees Barrage